flashcards
(130 cards)
Direct acting adrenergic agonist; effects differ at high and low doses; causes hyperglycemia; used in anesthetics,
Epinephrine
Vasoconstriction including at kidney (α-1);
Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increase, leading to a vagal mediated reflex bradycardia
Norepinephrine
Direct acting adrenergic agonist — at low concentrations;
1 receptor leads to vasodilation — at higher concentrations a positive inotropic effect on the myocardium is seen (beta-1)
Dopamine
selective D1 agonist
Fenoldopam
Non-selective β-adrenergic agonist;
β1 -> increase in HR;
β2 -> vasodilation of skeletal muscles, alleviates acute attacks of asthma
Isoproterenol
Selective β1-adrenergice agonist administered as a racemic mixture;
used to increase cardiac output in acute management of HF
Dobutamine
β2-selective adrenergic agonist; contains a resorcinol ring so is not a substrate for COMT -> long acting;
USES: reduce uterine contractions in premature labor
Terbutaline
β2-selective adrenergic agonist;
USES: inhalant to relieve bronchospasm
Albuterol
β2-selective adrenergic agonist;
USES: inhalant to relieve bronchospasm with a long duration of action (12 hours)
Salmeterol
β2-selective adrenergic agonist;
USES: inhalant to relieve bronchospasm with a long duration of action (12 hours)
Formoterol
α1-selective adrenergic agonist; no direct effect on the heart, but induces reflex bradycardia when given parenterally; USES: nasal decongestant
Phenyleprine
α2 agonist; centrally acting antihypertensive agent; decreases TPR and HR
Clonidine
α2 agonist; centrally acting antihypertensive agent; decreases TPR and HR;
DOC in pregnancy;
ADR: positive coombs test
Methyldopa
highly selective α2 agonist used to lower IOP in glaucoma
Brimonidine
Displaces endogeous catecholamines from vesicles, weak inhibitor of MAO, blocks catecholamine reuptake
Amphetamine
used to treat ADHD, analogue of amphetamine
Methylphenidate
Found in fermented foods; degraded by liver MAO-A; displaces the mobile pool
Tyramine
stimulates α and beta receptors and releases NE;
poor substrate for COMT and MAO, use is declining
Ephedrine
component of many decongestant mixtures; enantiomer of ephedrine
Pseudoephedrine
Nonselective α antagonist; noncompetitive inhibitor;
DOC for Rx of pheochromocytoma
Phenoxybenzamine
Nonselective α antagonist; competitive inhibitor;
Dx of pheochromocytoma
Phentolamine
Selective α1 antagonist; useful in the treatment of hypertension, no reflex tachycardia, shows a favorable effect on plasma lipids;
ADR : orthostatic hypertension
Prazosin
Selective α1 antagonist; approved for HTN and BPH;
ADR: orthostatic hypertension
Terazosin
Doxazosin
Selective α1 antagonist; Approved for BPH, little affect on blood pressure;
ADR: orthostatic hypertension
Tamsulosin