Flashies 4 Finals - Sheet1

Question 1

Formed when weathering, together with mass collapse (and in arid areas with wind erosion), creates a tunnel through a slab of rock

Answer 1

Rock arch (bridge) and window

Question 2

a wind erorded depression in the side of a cliff of a homogenous rock type

Answer 2

alcoves and yardang window

Question 3

low, triangular-shaped accumulation of sediments deposited at the mouth of a valley

Answer 3

Alluvial Fan

Question 4

Submarine, circular, steep sided holes which occur in coral reefs

Answer 4

Blue Hole

Question 5

a compound alluvial fan where neighboring alluvial fans converge into a single apron of deposits against a slope

Answer 5

Bajada

Question 6

Shallow lakes found in bajadas

Answer 6

Playas

Question 7

A steep-sided and flat-topped hill, built of flat lying soft rocks capped by a more resistant layer of sedimentary rockt lava flow or duricrust, surrounded by a plaim

Answer 7

Butte

Question 8

A deeply incised, steep-sided river valley

Answer 8

Canyon

Question 9

asymmetrical upland feature usually associated with gently dipping
rocks and comprising a steep scarp-slope (or escaqpment) and a
longer gentler dip slope

Answer 9

Cuesta

Question 10

A depositional landform produced by sedimentation at and around the mouth a river river- tide- wave-dominated

Answer 10

Delta

Question 11

A large area of sand dunes

Answer 11

Erg

Question 12

a long winding ridge of stratified sand and gravel that are frequently several km long ang are somewhat like railroad embankments

Answer 12

Eskers

Question 13

A steep slope coinciding with the line of a fault

Answer 13

Fault Scarp

Question 14

triangular-shaped remnants of the bedbetween V-shaped notches; steeply sloping wedge-shaped landscape features created by differential erosion

Answer 14

Flatirons

Question 15

German ‘sea of rock’; areas covered by large angular blocks (formed in situ), traditionally believed to have been created by freeze-thaw action

Answer 15

Felsenmeer/Blockfield

Question 16

Major splits into limestone pavement, formed by widening, deepening; and eventualnergingcofsolution features flat level” long linear weakness in the rock

Answer 16

Grike (Bogaz)

Question 17

small closed depressions on horizontal and gently inclined rock surfces; similar to solution pits in carbonate rocks;

Answer 17

Gnamma

Question 18

A mountaintop that has been modified by the action of ice during glaciation and frost weathering; also pyramidal peak

Answer 18

Glacial Horn

Question 19

A tall, thin spire of soft (sedimentary) rock topped by harder, more resistant stone that protects each column from erosion

Answer 19

Hoodoo

Question 20

Large, perennial, conical, ice-cored moutains that are common in
areas dominated by fine- grained sediments, with the ice forming from iniected water

Answer 20

Hydrolaccoliths

Question 21

large, freestanding, residual masses of rock

Answer 21

Inselberg (tor/Monadnock)

Question 22

A narrow piece of land connecting two larger areas across an expanse of water that otherwise separates them

Answer 22

Isthmus

Question 23

Groups of residual, steep-sided hills Rproduced by limestone solution

Answer 23

Kegelkarst (cone karst or cockpit karst)

Question 24

An umbrella term which covers an elaborately diverse groups od small scale solutional features and sculpturing found on limestone and dolomite surfacesexposed at the ground surface or in caves

Answer 24

Karren

Question 25

Permafrost mounds formed by ice segregation within mineral soils that occur within the zone of discontinuous permafrost

Answer 25

Lithalsas (Stone rings)

Question 26

An embankment, natural or man- made, that confines flow during high—water periods

Answer 26

Levee

Question 27

Occurs when a meandering river on alluvium eats downinto the underlying bedrock

Answer 27

Incised Meander

Question 28

A prominent limestone hill in an area of tower karst

Answer 28

Mogote

Question 29

An elongated cliff-base hollow cut out by abrasion, usually where breaking waves are armed with rock fragments

Answer 29

Abraison Notch

Question 30

A point of land, usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends out into a body of water

Answer 30

Ness (headland/promontory/cape)

Question 31

A horse-shoe shaped length of stream channel which is an almost closed meander loop

Answer 31

Oxbow

Question 32

Forms just under a boulder, from whichn the rate of surface lowering may be evaluated

Answer 32

Pedestal

Question 33

A large karst depression that may sometimes be flooded with water, and which has been formed either by solution, or cavern collapse or for stuctural reasons

Answer 33

Polje

Question 34

a sheet-like surface of rock fragrnents that remains wind water have removed the be fine particles

Answer 34

Reg (Desert Pavement/Gibber/hamada)

Question 35

A long, narrow, often branching inlet formed by marine submergence of parts of a river valley that have previously been-incised to a lower level

Answer 35

Ria

Question 36

accumulation of broken rock fragments that typically have a concave upwards form

Answer 36

Scree/Talus

Question 37

An isolated upstanding steep-sided rock pillar, column or pinnacle rising from the shore, a shore platform, or the sea floor close to a cliffed coast

Answer 37

Stack or stump

Question 38

Cavernous weathering hollows produced in vertical or near vertical rock faces

Answer 38

Tafoni

Question 39

A variety of limestone formed when carbonate minerals precipitate out of ambient temperature water

Answer 39

Travertine/Tufa

Question 40

A depression or large hollow in limestone areas produced when several sinkholes or dolines coalesce

Answer 40

Uvala

Question 41

created when magma hardens within a vent on an active volcano; a distinctive upstanding landform produced when erosion removes the surroounding rock while the erosion resistant plug remains

Answer 41

Volcanic Neck/pipe

Question 42

Notch or abandoned former channel in resistant bedrock ridges that was formerlya water gap when there was insufficient stream power to complete the down cutting process

Answer 42

Wind Gap

Question 43

A tributary stream that is prevented from joining the main river because of the levees which flank the latter

Answer 43

Yazoo

Question 44

A streamlined hill carved from bedrock or any consolidated or semi-cpnsolidated material that resembless the hull of a boat

Answer 44

Yardang/Zeugen

Question 45

Isolated rocks between joints that result from downward erosion of less resistant layers

Answer 45

Rock fins