Flies Flashcards

Question

Blowfly lifecycle

Answer 1

Eggs deposited on dead animals or urine faeces bact or dirt soiled fleece 3 larval instars feed in tissue and mature 3rd stage maggots drop to groumd and pupate Flies overwinter in soil as pupae and emerge in spring so pop greatest over summer with warm humid still weather Adults not adapted for parasitism

Answer 2

Black and green bottles initiate strike and blue bottles only attack already struck areas

Answer 3

L1 penetrate skin using hooked mouthparts and secr enz to liquefy and digsst tissue Larvae are active and voracious causing much liquefaction and destruction and secondary bact and blowfly infestation occur toxins released by decomp tissue and ammonia secr by maggots are absorbed through lesions into blood causing sustemic illness often causing death

Answer 4

Sheep often restless and bite or kick affected areas can be wound sites or often site of faecal contam Maggots may only be visible when wool is parted In severe cases wool falls out revealing affected tissue Affected areas attract further blowflies

Answer 5

Screw worm Tumbu fly Flesh flies Australian sheep blowfly

Answer 6

Larvae only survive on certain closely related hosts Much dam but not usually life threatening Warble flies Sheep nasal bots Horse stomach bots

Answer 7

Resemble bees, active in summer attach eggs to hair of cattle legs Larvae hatch and invade host via hair follicle L1 penetrate skin and migrate through body oberwintering in epidural fat of spinal cord Following spring moult and migrate to tissues under skin, in natural hist moult again and perforate skin to create a breathing hole L3 now surrounded by thick granulation wall and palpable as warbles 6 wk later larvae emerge and fall to the ground and pupate

Answer 8

Hide dam Panic in rssp to approaching flies Eradicated from uk cattle Deer warbles still present

Answer 9

Can infect sheep occasionally But doesnt complete lifecycle only form nodular lesion dont perforate skin Succeptible to macrocyclic lactone injection

Answer 10

Adults have grey bodies covered by short dark hairs Head and dorsal abdomen marked by black spots No mouthparts and dont feed all significant growth and dev as larvae All female are viviparous give birth to L1 squirted up nostrils in flight up to 25 larvae at a time

Answer 11

L1 migrate through sheep nasal passages moult to L2 enter frontal sinuses and moult to L3 L3 drop to ground and pupate Adult f live for 2wks L1 or L2 overwinter in hosts and emerge as L3 the following spring

Answer 12

Migrationg throygh nasal passage stim mucus prod causin nasal discharge sometime unilateral May sneeze or rub noses on ground Become anxious when flies around flock togetger stamp feet and press noses to the ground Deatb of L3 in sinus can cause secondary infection and more severe clin signs sometimes causing death Circling and head tilt have been reported assoc with severe purulent sinisitis

Answer 13

Macrocyclic lactone and anthelmitics | Man occasionally struck on eye surface leading to sever econjunctivitis but never dev beyond L1

Answer 14

Black eggs laid around lips and larvae crawl into mouth or are transferred to tongue during licking Larvae penetrate tongue or buccal mucosa and burrow through tissues for several weeks before moult and pass into stomach Dev to mature in stomach for 1 yr Detach and passed in faeces where they pupate on ground and adult flies emerge Adults dont feed

Answer 15

Butrowin larvae can cause stomatitis Inflam resp to larvae in stomach can cause ulceration Usually incidental pm findings

Answer 16

Adult f take repeated blood meals from diff hosts to supprt egg prod allowin for intra stadial transmission Metamorphosis usually prev trans ovarian and stadial transmission Cant gen act as long term reservoirs Need mammal hosts as carriers Dis only transmit during seasons when adult flies are activr

Answer 17

Face and house fly readily transfer bu sponging mouthparts other nuisance flies may do so on limbs New forest eye Summer mastitis Tabanids from sponging mouthparts as they slash the skin

Answer 18

Conjunctivitis and keratitis Corneal oedema Opacity Ulceration Predisp to by uv light dust and other irritation forms Involve other viral and bact organisms Control incl fly control red stocking density avoid close contact and early ID affected

Answer 19

``` Dry cows and heifers Occurs at grass in summer mnths Swollen painful hot quarter Udder secr thick clotted pus Systemic signs : pyrexia pelvic limb stoffness udder and pelvic limb oedema abortion Usually lead to permanent udder dam ```

Answer 20

Transmitted by biting flies Mech trans Fatal in horses but all donestic animals affected N africa s america asia Cause anaemia due to extra vascular haemolysis Recurrent fever and oedema and anaemia Manage by fly control and anti protozoal drugs

Answer 21

AHS West nile virus Bluetongue

Answer 22

Highly infectious Acyte form: high fever resp dis nasal discharge death Cardiac form: periph oedema sometime death Horse sickness fever: fluctuating tenp and malaise Mainly midge transmission occassionally mosquitoes Spreadin north concerns in UK due to climate change Control House horses at peak midge times Insecticide treat buildings Vacc Pour on treatment

Answer 23

Sheep dis economically key in s africa and n america Sporadic eu reports assoc with infected tropical midge incursions from n africa Gen expansion n Wind blown spread of infected misges

Answer 24

Flavivirus Birds horses humens Mosquito Can cause envephalitis or meningitis Horse and human usually asympt sometine meningoencephalitis occurs Birda are amp hosts Common in aftica s eu, middle e, w and c asia Migrating birds mech of intor to uk most likely will be

Answer 25

``` Midges Cause abortions Milk drop Prolonged gestation Foetal malformation From netherlands ```

Answer 26

``` Dog heartworm Dog eyeworms Synmer bleeding dis of cattle Hump sores of cattle Summer sores of horses ```

Answer 27

Leishmaniosis

Flies Flashcards

(51 cards)