FLOOD MANAGEMENT 2.2 (for memorise)

Question 1

SOFT ENGINEERING

Answer 1

• Works with natural processes
• Visually unobtrusive
• Cheaper
• Less environmental impact
• MORE LONG LASTING

Question 2

HARD ENGINEERING

Answer 2

• EXPENSIVE CONSTRUCTION
• Can be visually obtrusive and ugly
• Big effect on environment
• SHORT LASTING AND DRASTIC

Question 3

Dams

Answer 3

• Controls flooding by holding back water with hard materials
• Reservoir can be used for watersports, irrigation and industrial/domestic use
• Reservoir can destroy ecosystems and settlements

Question 4

Barriers/Flood walls

Answer 4

• Controls flooding by building an artificial wall of reinforced concrete to block water
• Reduces financial risk of buildings, and financial/emotional strain on in habitants
• Very expensive, unsightly, displaces water

Question 5

Levees

Answer 5

• RIver banks are built up on to keep water inside the channel
• Increases habitable land
• Spoils landscape, can cause large scale floods if burst

Question 6

Dredging

Answer 6

• The removal of sediment and rock from bottom of river
• Lowers river height so no engineering needed
• Very expensive, can cause floods in areas downstream

Question 7

Afforestation

Answer 7

• Water intercepted by planting trees
• Causes slower river channel
• Expensive