Flood Risk Soft And Hard engineering Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Flood Risk Soft And Hard engineering Deck (29)
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1
Q

Flood warning and preparation

A

There are three stages of warning and they use satellites and technology to measure rainfall so they can warn others

2
Q

Benefit of flood warnings

A

Cheap
Protect property
Saves lives 24/7
Makes people feel secure

3
Q

Flood warning ⚠ benefits

A

Doesn’t stop floods
People need to take action and people may ignore warning
Education is required

4
Q

Flood plains zoning

A

Further away buildings are to river the more important it is
Don’t build in the flood risk areas

5
Q

Flood plains zoning benefits

A

Low cost

6
Q

Flood plains zoning downfalls

A

Could be costly to demolish homes

7
Q

Planting trees

A

Plant trees across floodplains reduces floods as rain gets intercepted by trees by roots

8
Q

Benefits of planting trees

A
Reduce surface run off during heavy rain episode 
More carbon capture 
Cheap
Reduce water flowing down streams 
Aesthetically pleasing
9
Q

Disadvantages of planting trees

A

May need to remove concrete

Can look unpleasant at first with baby 👶 trees

10
Q

Examples of planting trees

A

Welsh government are funded by woodland trust ™ to 🌿 plant 10 million trees

11
Q

River restoration example

A

River quaggy scheme in south East London which protects 600 houses from being flooded this increase more people going to Sutcliffe Park
Cost 1.1 million

12
Q

Benefits of river restoration

A

New wetland
New biodiversity
Reduce flooding risk
Aesthetically pleasing

13
Q

Disadvantages of river restoration

A

Lost of agriculture land

Expensive

14
Q

Urban areas

A

Building on flood plains creates Impermeable land water is transferred quickly via drains
Rapid movement in water increases flood risk

15
Q

Deforestation

A

Water is taken by trees and is used up

When you remove the trees more water is available and is transferred rapidly to channels increasing flood risk

16
Q

Farming

A

Arable farming causes soil to be exposed to the elements which leads to surface run off

17
Q

Dams

A

These are built in the course of the river channel to control the amounts of water that flows through they hold and release water
Water is store in reservoirs

18
Q

Dams disadvantages

A
Damn expensive 
Settlement may be lost 
Farmland lost 
Sediment are trapped can lead to erosion further downstream 
Farmland becomes less fertile
19
Q

Examples of dams

A

Kielder water is the largest in European man made lake
Has a hydroelectric plant
Controls flows of Tyne

20
Q

Channel straightening

A

Digging a straight channel which water will flow through this speed up the water from flood prone locations

21
Q

Channel straightening disadvantages

A

Cause flooding downstream

More erosion down streams due to rapid water 💦

22
Q

Channel straightening example

A

River ouse York

It still flood though 3 000 residents left due to this

23
Q

Embankments

A

Raise walls along river
Increase amount of water stored in river bank
Looks pleasant if cared for

24
Q

Embankments

A

Raise walls along river
Increase amount of water stored in river bank
Looks pleasant if cared for

25
Q

Embankments disadvantages

A

Expensive
Takes a lot of space
Severe flooding if it breaks

26
Q

Embankments example

A

Thames embankments from 19th century

Reclaim marshy land next to river in central London used granite from Cornwall

27
Q

Flood relief channel

A

River discharge is reduced so flooding reduce and is prevented gates can be added to control river release

28
Q

Flood relief channels disadvantages

A

Increase discharge where the relief chanel rejoins the river or another river this can cause more flooding in the area

29
Q

Flood relief channels

A

Lea Valley between Hertfordshire and Stratford East London in 1976 these were installed and no major flood had ever occur