Fluid Balance And Intravenous Therapy

Question 1

What percent of body fluid is water?

Answer 1

60%

Question 2

Fluids in the body are affected by

Answer 2

Age
Gender
Body fat

Question 3

Body fluid is divided into how many compartments?

Answer 3

2

Question 4

Fluid found inside the cells is

Answer 4

Intracellular
2/3 of fluid

Question 5

Fluid found outside the cells

Answer 5

Extracellular
1/3 of fluid

Question 6

Extracellular is broken down into 3 divisions, which are

Answer 6

Intravascular
Interstitial
Transcellular

Question 7

Intravascular

Answer 7

Found in the vascular system that consists of arteries, veins, and capillary networks

Question 8

Intravascular fluid is whole _______ _________ and also includes:

Answer 8

Blood volume
Also includes RBCs WBCs plasma and platelets (about 3L)

Question 9

Interstitial

Answer 9

Fluid between cells
About 10L

Question 10

Transcellular

Answer 10

Cerebral spinal fluid, synovial fluid, peritoneal and pleural fluid.

Question 11

Each of the fluid compartments is separated by a ____________ ____________ that permits movement of what?

Answer 11

Permeable membrane that permits movement of water and some solutes

Question 12

What molecules can move freely between compartments?

Answer 12

Small molecules like urea and water

Question 13

What molecules cannot cross readily between compartments?

Answer 13

Protein

Question 14

Filtration

Answer 14

Movement of fluid (water) across cell membrane due to hydrostatic pressure

Question 15

Diffusion

Answer 15

Movement of molecules/substances from a higher area of concentration to a lower area of concentration

Question 16

Osmosis

Answer 16

Movement of fluid (water) from areas of more fluid to areas of less fluid

Question 17

In diffusion, __________ move

Answer 17

Solutes

Question 18

In diffusion, movement stops when

Answer 18

Concentration are equal in both areas

Question 19

In osmosis, __________ move

Answer 19

Fluids

Question 20

Semipermeable membrane

Answer 20

is a type of biological or synthetic, polymeric membrane that will allow certain molecules or ions to pass through it by osmosis

Question 21

What does osmotic balance mean?

Answer 21

The control of water and electrolyte balance in the body.

Question 22

Where is ATP made?

Answer 22

Mitochondria

Question 23

Hydrostatic

Answer 23

Pushing force, pushes fluid out of capillaries
Think heart

Question 24

Oncotic

Answer 24

Pulling force, pulls fluids from tissue into capillaries
Think albumin

Question 25

Whenever hydrostatic pressure is greater than oncotic pressure,

Answer 25

Fluid will leave the capillaries

Question 26

Whenever the oncotic pressure is greater than the hydrostatic pressure,

Answer 26

Fluid will enter the capillaries

Question 27

Fluid shifts can cause

Answer 27

Edema and dehydration

Question 28

First spacing

Answer 28

The normal distribution of fluid in ICF and ECF compartments

Question 29

Second spacing

Answer 29

Abnormal accumulation of interstitial fluid (edema)

Question 30

Third spacing

Answer 30

Excess fluid accumulation in nonfunctional areas between cells

Question 31

Third spacing occurs as a result of

Answer 31

Increased permeability of the capillary membrane or decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure

Question 32

Anasarca

Answer 32

Severe, generalized edema makes by profound swelling of subcutaneous tissues and accumulation of fluid in body cavities