Fluid & Electrolyte

Question 1

Guidelines for correction of chronic symptomatic hyponatremia

Answer 1

initial correction in serum Na of 10mEq/L, then correction should not exceed 1 to 1.5 mEq/L/hr or a daily maximum increase of 12 mEq/L

Question 2

What happens if glycine irrigant is used in a TURP?

Answer 2

transient blindness

Question 3

S/Sx of TURP syndrome

Answer 3

hypotension, tachypnea, oxygen desaturation. HTN, reflex bradycardia, pulm edema

Question 4

What happens if chronic hypernatremia is corrected too rapidly?

Answer 4

development of cerebral edema

Question 5

What is the rate of potassium repletion for hypokalemia?

Answer 5

as high as 20mEq over 30 min (via pump) and repeated as needed

Question 6

What can be given to stabilize cellular membranes for hyperkalemia?

Answer 6

calcium chloride or calcium gluconate

Question 7

What is treatment for hyperkalemia?

Answer 7

Calcium chloride/gluconate, insulin, sodium bicarb, hyperventilate

Question 8

How much K is in LR and Normosol?

Answer 8

LR= 4mEq/L
Normosol= 5mEq/L

Question 9

Ionized calcium concentrations are affected by both _____ and ______

Answer 9

albumin concentration & the pH of plasma

Question 10

______ should be avoided in hypercalcemia bc they increase renal tubular reabsorption of Ca

Answer 10

thiazide diuretics

Question 11

What equation expresses the relationship of CO2/HCO3 buffer system to pH

Answer 11

Henderson-Hasselbalch

Question 12

Respiratory _____ is d/t drug-induced depression of ventilation while respiratory _____ s d/t iatrogenic hyperventilation

Answer 12

acidosis; alkalosis