Fluid Therapy Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is the role of water?
maintains shape and integrity of all cells \60% body is water- maintains blood pressure/ volume,
removal of waste products
medium of biochemical
Insensible fluid loss-
inevitable- normal losses- salvia/ sweating
Cats and Small Dogs normal fluid intake (0-10kg)
60ml/kg/24hrs
Medium Dog normal fluid intake (10-30kg)
50ml/kg/24 hours
Large Dog normal fluid intake (30-50kg)
40ml/kg/24hrs
What are the abnormal losses of fluid?
hypovolaemia- reduced BV/BP, delivery to tissues
deprived oxygen, nutrients and water in cells- reduced function
reduced fresh fluid bathing- build up of waste
What are the administration methods of fluid therapy?
PO, SC, IV, IP, IO, Naso, CRI
What are types of crystalloid intravenous fluids?
hartmann’s
ringer’s
Equipment and Materials needed-
IV catheters
giving sets
fluid pumps
tape/ bandages
flush regularly- prevents blockage
Isotonic Fluids-
Hartmann’s (ringer’s) solution, 0.9% saline, used for rehydration and fluid replacement, similar osmolality to blood- no major shifts in fluid balance
Hypotonic Fluids-
5% dextrose in water, used for hypernatremia, free water for maintenance in non-dehydrated patients
Hypertonic Fluids-
7.2% saline, acute shock situations, rapidly expand blood volume, drawing water into vascular space- caution to avoid electrolyte imbalances
Colloids-
larger molecules, proteins/ starch- cannot pass through cell membrane- stay in vascular compartment- increases oncotic pressure- helps retain fluid in blood vessels
Blood Products-
Whole blood, RBCs- manage severe blood loss- anemia or clots
Role of Packed RBCs-
restores oxygen carrying capacity in anemic patients
Role of Whole Bloods-
severe hemorrhage/ acute blood loss
