fluid therapy

Question 1

daily maintenance fluid requirement in adults - water

Answer 1

water = 25-30 ml / kg / 24hours

Question 2

daily maintenance fluid requirement in adults - potassium, sodium and chloride

Answer 2

1mmol/kg/day

Question 3

daily maintenance fluid requirement in adults - glucose

Answer 3

50-100g/day of glucose

(to limit starvation ketosis)

Question 4

what metabolic changes is a patient at risk of if large volumes of 0.9% saline are used

Answer 4

increased risk of hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis

Question 5

when is IV fluids genrally required in kids

Answer 5

child >10% dehydrated

5–10% dehydrated + oral/enternal rehydration not possible

Question 6

fluid requirement for kids based on body weight

Answer 6

under 10kg -> 100ml/kg

10-20kg -> 100nl/kg for first 10kg, 50ml/kg for each kg after

> 20kg -> 100ml/kg first 10kg, 50ml/kg between 10-20kg, 20ml/kg thereafter

Question 7

max fluid volume for kids

Answer 7

females = 2litres

males = 2.5litres

Question 8

fluid type used in kids

Answer 8

0.9% NaCl + 5% dextrose

potassium as required

Question 9

maximum recommended rate of potassium infusion via peripheral line

Answer 9

10mmol/hour
- 40mmol K prescribed -> go over 4hrs

rates >20mmol/hour require cardiac monitoring