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Fluids Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

Substance capable of reducing friction, heat, and wear when introduced as a film between moving parts

A

Lubricant

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2
Q

Three basic types of lubricant

A

Dry (graphite)
Wet
Mineral-based

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3
Q

Five characteristics of lubricants

A 
Viscosity
Viscosity index
Pour point
Flash point
Fire point
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4
Q

Measure of the oil’s internal friction or resistance to flow

A

Viscosity

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5
Q

Indicates the influence of temperature on a particular type of oil

A

Viscosity index

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6
Q

Lowest temperature at which the lubricant will flow from a container

A

Pour point

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7
Q

Most lube oils have a natural pour point of ranging from

A

10 - 25 degrees F

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8
Q

Minimum temperature at which the lubricant will give off a sufficient quantity of vapor to ignite when exposed to an open flame

A

Flash point

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9
Q

Minimum temperature at which the lubricant will give off a sufficient quantity of vapor to ignite and continue to burn when exposed to an open flame

A

Fire point

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10
Q

The fire point of a lubricant ranges from approximately _____ higher than the flash point

A

10 - 70 degrees F

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11
Q

Encourage foam to dissipate rapidly in oil

A

Anti-foam additives

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12
Q

The products of oxidisation include

A

Organic acids

Oxy-hydrocarbons

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13
Q

Clean the engine and minimise the amount of harmful sludge deposits

A

Detergent additives

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14
Q

Allow the lube oil to meet two or more viscosity levels

A

Viscosity index improvers

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15
Q

Four causes of lube oil contamination

A

Fuel dilution
Acid contamination
Water
Insolubles

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16
Q

Naval engineering manual, COMDTINST M9000.6 (series), identifies that viscosity limits of ___ increase and ___ fuel dilution are allowable

A

40%

5%

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17
Q

Identifies the viscosity limits of lube oil

A

Naval Engineering Manual, COMDTINST M9000.6 (series)

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18
Q

Occurs during combustion when sulfur is in the fuel

A

Acid contamination

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19
Q

Water contamination in a used oil sample indicate ___

A

Adverse operating conditions or a coolant leak

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20
Q

Three products of oxidation

A

Sludge
Varnish
Acids

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21
Q

Oxidation results from a combination of ___

A

High temperatures
Constant mixing with blowby gasses
Air in contact with metal surfaces

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22
Q

Two methods of shipboard oil testing

A

Visage viscosity comparator

Gerin falling ball comparator DCA 300 test kit

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23
Q

Engine lube oil may increase in acidity due to combustion byproducts containing ____

A

Nitrogen and sulfur

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24
Q

What colour on the acid test indicates a satisfactory acidity level in the oil?

A

Blue

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25
What colour on the acid test indicates too high of an acidity level
Yellow or green
26
Method by which metals in a fluid are measured in ppm
Spectrometric analysis
27
Units that submit oil samples for laboratory analysis will take samples how often?
Every 250 hours or quarterly
28
Which units must submit oil samples for laboratory analysis?
Cutters 65 and longer
29
Newly overhauled engines shall have oil samples drawn and submitted after ___
1, 25, and 50 hours
30
Upon striking aboard new oil, submit a new oil sample from the storage tank to the testing facility ___
As soon as possible
31
After an oil and filter change, allow a minimum of ___ before sampling
25 operating hours
32
Never take an oil sample immediately after ___
An oil change or oil addition to the sump
33
When is it required that the SSDG's have the oil tested?
If oil change intervals exceed 750 hours
34
Oil Analysis Request
DD Form 2026
35
Oil sample bottles which are being sent out are labeled with what five pieces of information?
``` Equipment type Oil type Date sample taken Time sample taken Hours of operation since last oil change ```
36
If an oil sample for any unit of equipment is not received by the testing facility within a ____ period, the lab will delete all historical data on that piece of equipment
240 day
37
FOWK
Fuel, oil, and water king
38
Person in charge of all aspects of fuel handling aboard a ship
FOWK
39
Engineer responsible for transfers and the accountability of liquids stored, received, and discharged aboard the vessel
FOWK
40
Has the overall responsibility over the FOWK
EO
41
Obtain a ___ before carrying out any hot work on fuel and lube oil systems and tanks
Hot work permit
42
What kind of flash lights should be used when working around and on fuel equipment and enclosed compartments?
Explosion-proof
43
Do not carry what kind of matches and lighters when working around fuel
Strike anywhere | Automatic
44
The presence of fuels in the bilge can be detected by ___
Spreading a thin coat of water indicating paste on one side of a metal rod, and fuel indicating paste on the other, and inserting the rod into the bilge liquid
45
Fuel tanks are considered ___
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health
46
IDLH
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health
47
Permission to enter a tank known or suspected to contain fuel or fuel vapours must come from the ___
CO
48
Safety precautions and instructions for entering a fuel tank are prescribed in ____
NSTM Chapter 074, Volume 3
49
If fuel could potentially spray or drip on any surface reaching ____, shield that surface eve if it is insulated
400 degrees F
50
What are required of sounding tubes that terminate in hazardous areas?
Float ball check valves
51
F-76 was formerly known as ___
Diesel Fuel Marine (DFM)
52
Can be used as a substitute for F-76
Diesel Fuel #2 (DF2)
53
Colour of F-76
Clear to light amber
54
Flash point of F-76
140 degrees F
55
F-44 is also known as ___
JP-5
56
F-44 or JP-5 is best described as ____
Kerosene type jet fuel
57
Colour of JP-5
Clear to amber
58
Gasoline is classified as a ______ material
Category I Flammable
59
___ provides guidance on the stowage, handling, and disposal of gasoline and other hazardous general use consumables
NSTM Chapter 670
60
Gasoline containers shall be stowed ____
On the weather deck aft, so they can be readily jettisoned overboard
61
Gasoline storage areas shall be designated as ___
Gasoline hazard areas
62
Gasoline containers shall be labeled as ____
Flammable
63
Shipboard fuel quality problem is typically discovered via ____ and ___
High fuel filter differential pressures | Higher than normal rate for fuel filter change-outs
64
Four primary causes for fuel filter clogging problems
Contaminates Chemical instability Microbiological contamination Incompatibility between fuel loads
65
Dark-coloured fuel may be an indication of ____
Contaminated fuel
66
If fuel becomes chemically unstable, it forms ___
Oxygenated particulates that will rapidly clog filters
67
The only corrective action for chemically unstable fuel is to ____
Offload the fuel and clean the tank
68
A black or brown, gel-like residue in fuel filter housings indicates ___
Chemically unstable fuel
69
In the clear and bright test, clear refers to ___
Absence of visible particulate matter
70
In the clear and bright test, bright refers to ___
Absence of suspended water droplets that appear as haziness or cloudiness
71
When conducting a clear and bright test, the fuel temperature must be at least ____
60 degrees F
72
If the fuel contamination appears to be water contamination ___
Increase sample temperature in a water bath by 25 degrees F
73
Engine jacket water systems shall never be directly connected with ____
Potable water supply
74
Wear what four ppe when testing or handling jacket water chemicals
Rubber gloves Eye protection Face shield Rubber apron
75
When plain water is used as a coolant, liners can be penetrated in a matter of ____ of operation
500 hours
76
Cavitation causes ____
Liner pitting
77
If the liner is penetrated by cavitation, coolant and oil will ____
Coolant will flow into oil when the engine is shut down, and oil will flow into coolant when the engine is running
78
Most frequently liner pitting is found on the side of the liner where ____
The piston strikes just after the cylinder fires
79
Used to prevent liner pitting
Supplemental Coolant Treatments or Additives (SCT's or SCA's)
80
Form a protective microscopic film on the coolant side of the liner by transforming ferric oxide, which is very soft, into a compound FE3O5, which is very hard
Supplemental Coolant Treatments or Additives (SCT's or SCA's)
81
Antifreeze shall be used on ___
All boats less than or equal to 65 ft | All engines that utilize keel coolers
82
Sea water contamination is detected by testing the engine coolant for ___
Chloride
83
High quality water contains minimal amounts of ___
Hardness, chloride, and sulfate
84
Water shall be tested for conductivity or chloride. The maximum acceptable limit is ____ or ____
150 micromho per centimetre | 40 ppm chloride
85
The coolant conductivity test is performed with a ___
Conductivity meter
86
Where make up water exceeds the limits, it will be recorded in ___
Engine coolant treatment log
87
Before initiating coolant treatment, the cooling system of an engine shall be ___
Inspected
88
The engine shall be operated within ___ of jacket water treatment
24 hours
89
A sample of J/W shall be obtained ___ after reaching operating temperature
10 - 60 minutes
90
Jacket water shall be tested at least ___
Monthly
91
Jacket water samples shall be tested within ___ of being drawn
1 hour
92
In the event that an engine is secured when a routine sample of the J/W is scheduled to be taken
It should be noted in the Engine Coolant Treatment Log
93
Allow the coolant sample to cool to ___ before testing
100 degrees F or less
94
J/W test strips are used to ___
Conduct semi-quantitative checks or spot tests
95
Colour wheel kits use ___
A defined colour to interpret the proper chemical composition
96
Provide a low cost colour interpretation method for titrimetric determinations
Drop count test kits
97
Provides the highest level of accuracy and repeatability for J/W testing
Colorimeter-based kits
98
Fast and easy-to-use method for testing the freezing point of glycol-based antifreeze
Refractometer
99
Uses light to measure the amount of propylene or ethylene gylcol and assigns a temperature reading based on an integrated scale
Refractometer
100
If the refractometer shows a blurry hazy image it indicates ___
Oil has been beaten or emulsified into the coolant
101
Chemical instabilities of fuel oil are called ___
Oxidisers
102
What type of jacket water test kit uses one chemical, acid or base to drop into the coolant solution to evaluate its overall composition based on color?
Drop count titration kit

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