Focus 1

Question 1

Study of the functions and relationships of body parts

Answer 1

Physiology

Question 2

Molecules composed of atoms

Answer 2

Chemical level

Question 3

Basic unit of life

Answer 3

Cellular level

Question 4

What are the four types of tissues

Answer 4

Epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

Question 5

Body structure that integrates different tissues and carries out a specific function

Answer 5

Organ level

Question 6

Group of organs that together perform one or more functions

Answer 6

Organ system level

Question 7

Name the six levels of organization from simple to complex

Answer 7

– Chemical level
– Cellular level
– Tissue level
– Organ level
– Organ system
– Organism level

Question 8

Dynamic, steady state of balance of the body

Answer 8

Homeostasis

Question 9

Consists of electron shells/orbitals

Answer 9

Electron cloud

Question 10

Determines chemical properties of atoms

Answer 10

Electrons

Question 11

Outermost shell of electrons and are involved in chemical bonds

Answer 11

Valence electrons

Question 12

Bond where electron is shared equally between atoms

Answer 12

Nonpolar covalent bonds

Question 13

Two or more atoms share valence electrons

Answer 13

Covalent bonds

Question 14

Examples of nonpolar covalent bonds

Answer 14

O2
CO2
lipids and fats

Question 15

Find where electron is shared unequally. Partial charges

Answer 15

Polar covalent bonds

Question 16

What are examples of polar covalent bonds

Answer 16

H2O
glucose
amino acids and proteins

Question 17

Polar bonds between atoms in one molecule

Answer 17

Hydrogen bonds

Question 18

What determines the 3-D shape and function of proteins

Answer 18

Hydrogen bonds

Question 19

The study of the structure of body parts

Answer 19

Anatomy

Question 20

Atom that loses an electron. Has a positive charge

Answer 20

Cation

Question 21

Atom that gains electron. Has a negative charge

Answer 21

Anion

Question 22

Polar and ionic substances. Partially charged or ionic

Answer 22

Hydrophilic

Question 23

Nonpolar substances. I’m uncharged/neutral

Answer 23

Hydrophobic solutes

Question 24

The dissolvee

Answer 24

Solute

Question 25

The dissolver

Answer 25

Solvent

Question 26

Solvent + solute

Answer 26

Solution

Question 27

Dissolves in/can dissolve

Answer 27

Soluble

Question 28

Compounds that give up hydrogen ions

Answer 28

Acids

Question 29

A compound that takes up hydrogen ions in solutions

Answer 29

Bases

Question 30

Mechanism used by body to help maintain pH

Answer 30

Buffers

Question 31

What is the normal pH range in the human body

Answer 31

7.35–7.45

Question 32

pH

Answer 32

Acidosis

Question 33

pH>7.45

Answer 33

Alkalosis

Question 34

Molecules that contain the Adams carbon and hydrogen

Answer 34

Organic molecules

Question 35

Organic molecules essential for life. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid

Answer 35

Biomolecules

Question 36

Small organic compounds. Simple sugars, fatty acids, amino acids, nucleotides

Answer 36

Monomers

Question 37

Larger molecules created from monomers.

Answer 37

Polymers

Question 38

Large organic polymers. DNA

Answer 38

Macromolecules

Question 39

Linear sequence of amino acids

Answer 39

Protein primary structure

Question 40

Hydrogen bonds between amino acids produces shapes. Helix or pleated sheet

Answer 40

Protein secondary structure

Question 41

Polypeptide chain folds/bends producing three-dimensional structures held by weak attractions

Answer 41

Protein tertiary structure

Question 42

Two or more polypeptide chains covalently bonded

Answer 42

Protein Quaternary structure

Question 43

Chains of amino acid

Answer 43

Polypeptide

Question 44

Biological catalyst that increases the rate of chemical reactions. Mostly proteins

Answer 44

Enzymes

Question 45

Groovin enzyme molecules are substrates are captured

Answer 45

Active site

Question 46

Molecules that combined with active sites of enzymes and are converted to products

Answer 46

Substrate

Question 47

The amount of energy required for a reaction to proceed

Answer 47

Activation energy

Question 48

When an enzyme undergoes extreme temperatures or a change in pH and can no longer function. Altered shape

Answer 48

Denaturation

Question 49

Remove water to build larger molecules

Answer 49

Dehydration synthesis

Question 50

Add water to break large molecules into smaller molecules

Answer 50

Hydrolysis