Food

Question 1

Why do we need food

Answer 1

-Energy
-Make chemicals needed for metabolic reactions
-Growth and repair

Question 2

Common elements in food

Answer 2

C-Carbon
H-Hydrogen
O-Oxygen
N-Nitrogen
P-Phosphorus
S-Sulfur

Question 3

Elements present in dissolved salts

Answer 3

Na-Sodium
Mg-Magnesium
Cl-Chlorine
K-Potassium
Ca-Calcium

Question 4

3 trace elements found in food

Answer 4

Fe-Iron
Cu-Copper
Zn-Zinc

Question 5

What are biomolecules

Answer 5

Are chemicals made inside a living thing

Question 6

4 types of molecules

Answer 6

-Carbohydrates
-Lipids (fats and oils)
-Proteins
-Vitamins

Question 7

Elements in carbohydrates

Answer 7

C-Carbon
H-Hydrogen
O-Oxygen

Question 8

Classification of carbs (3)

Answer 8

-Monosaccharides
-Disaccharides
-Polysaccharides

Question 9

What are monosaccharides composed of ?

Answer 9

A single sugar unit

Question 10

Examples of monosaccharides

Answer 10

-Glucose
-Fructose

Question 11

What are disaccharides composed of?

Answer 11

Two sugar units bonded together

Question 12

Examples of disaccharides

Answer 12

-Maltose
-Sucrose

Question 13

What are polysaccharides composed of ?

Answer 13

Many sugar units

Question 14

Examples of polysaccharides

Answer 14

-Starch
-Cellulose
-Glycogen

Question 15

Sources of carbohydrates

Answer 15

-Bread
-Potatoes
-Pasta

Question 16

Structural role of carbohydrates

Answer 16

Cellulose is used to form plant cell walls

Question 17

Metabolic role of carbohydrates

Answer 17

-Glucose is broken down in respiration to release energy
-Glucose is made in photosynthesis

Question 18

Elements in lipids

Answer 18

-Carbon
-Hydrogen
-Oxygen

Question 19

Fats are lipids that are..

Answer 19

Solid at room temp

Question 20

Oils are lipids that are..

Answer 20

Liquid at room temp

Question 21

Structure of lipids

Answer 21

1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids
(triglyceride)

Question 22

Sources of lipids

Answer 22

-Butter
-Oil
-Cream
-Fatty foods

Question 23

Structural role of lipids

Answer 23

-Energy stores in plants and animals
-Heat insulation
-Protection of organs

Question 24

Metabolic role of lipids

Answer 24

-Broken down in respiration to release energy

Question 25

Phospholipids

Answer 25

Glycerol + 2 fatty acids + phosphate

Question 26

Elements in proteins

Answer 26

-Carbon -Hydrogen -Oxygen -Nitrogen (may contain sulfur and phosphorus)

Question 27

Structure of protein

Answer 27

Composed of amino acids

Question 28

Whats the bond between amino acids called?

Answer 28

Peptide pond (less than 20 amino acids)

Question 29

What has more than 20 amino acids?

Answer 29

Polypeptide

Question 30

Folding on fibrous proteins

Answer 30

Little to none (strong and tough fibres)

Question 31

Folding on Globular proteins

Answer 31

Lots of folding (form rounded shapes)

Question 32

Example of fibrous proteins

Answer 32

Keratin

Question 33

Example of globular protein

Answer 33

Enzymes

Question 34

Sources of proteins

Answer 34

-Meat -Fish -Eggs -Nuts

Question 35

Structural role of proteins

Answer 35

-Keratin found in skin and hair -Myosin found in muscle

Question 36

Metabolic role of proteins

Answer 36

-Used as enzymes to control reactions -Form antibodies

Question 37

Water soluble vitamins

Answer 37

B & C

Question 38

Metabolic role of vitamin C

Answer 38

Growth and maintenance of bones and teeth

Question 39

Deficiency of vitamin C (disease and symptoms)

Answer 39

Disease-Scurvy Symptoms-Bleeding gums and teeth

Question 40

Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 40

A, D, E & K

Question 41

Metabolic Role of Vitamin D

Answer 41

-Helps absorb calcium -Healthy bones and teeth formation

Question 42

Deficiency of vitamin D (disease and symptoms)

Answer 42

Disease-Rickets Symptoms-Weak and deformed bones

Question 43

Why are minerals needed for plants and animals?

Answer 43

-Form rigid body structures -Form biomolecules

Question 44

Two minerals found in plants

Answer 44

-Magnesium -Calcium

Question 45

Two minerals found in animals

Answer 45

-Iron -Calcium

Question 46

Why is water essential to life?

Answer 46

-Liquid in which all metabolic reactions take place -Basis for transport systems

Question 47

What are anabolic reactions?

Answer 47

Use energy to convert smaller molecules to larger molecules

Question 48

What are catabolic reactions?

Answer 48

Release energy when larger more complex molecules are broken down into smaller simpler forms

Question 49

Example of an anabolic reaction

Answer 49

Protein Synthesis

Question 50

Example of a catabolic reaction

Answer 50

Digestion