Food Flashcards
(25 cards)
Biomolecules
Are chemicals that are made inside a living thing
Monosaccharides
Carbohydrates composed of a single sugar unit
E.g glucose and fructose
Disaccharides
Carbohydrates composed of two sugar units
E.g maltose and sucrose
Polysaccharides
Carbohydrates composed of many sugar units
E.g Starch , cellulose and glycogen
Formula of Glucose
C6H12O6
Six common elements found in food
Carbon , Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulphur (CHONSP)
Phospholipids
Fat-like substances in which bone of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group or phosphate group added to it
Triglyceride
The smallest lipids made of one molecule of glycerol linked to three fatty acid molecules
Fibrous proteins
Show little or no foldings . They form long fibres and are strong and tough e.g keratin in hair, nails and feathers
Globular proteins
Shows lots of foldings . They form rounded shapes e.g egg white (albumen) and enzymes
Deamination
Surplus amino acids are taken to the liver and converted into urea , which is a toxic waste product
Anabolic reactions
Use energy to convert smaller molecules into larger molecules
E.g photosynthesis
Catabolic Reactions
Release energy when a complex molecule is broken down to a simpler form
E.g respiration and digestion
What you use to test for reducing sugar
Benedict’s solution
Glucose and Benedict’s solution turns what colour
Red
Water and Benedict’s solution turns
Remains blue
What you use to test for starch
Iodine
Starch present
Blue-black/ purple
No starch present
Red-yellow
To test for lipids you use
Brown paper and oil
What you use to test for protein
Biuret
Colour if protein present
Purple
Colour if protein absent
Remains blue
Metabolism
Sum of all the reactions in an organism
