FOOD AND NUTRITION

Question 1

Q: Give two sources each of protein and vitamin D. State two uses of each.

Answer 1

A:
• Protein sources: Milk, egg, beans, fish
• Vitamin D sources: Fat, fish, margarine, egg yolk
• Uses of protein: Tissue repair, enzyme formation, energy release
• Uses of vitamin D: Aids calcium absorption, prevents rickets, strengthens bones

Question 2

Q: Describe briefly the role of roughage in human diet.

Answer 2

A:
• Aids digestion, makes food bulky
• Facilitates bowel movement, prevents constipation

Question 3

Q: Define malnutrition and state three effects.

Answer 3

A:
• Definition: is a condition where essential nutrients are insufficient or not properly balanced in the diet.
• Effects: kwashiorkor,death,Goitre,night blindness ,rickets.

Question 4

Name two sources of vitamin A.

Answer 4

Liver, egg yolk, palm oil

Question 5

Define essential nutrients and list one nutrient lacking in:
• Scurvy
• Beriberi
• Rickets

Answer 5

Essential nutrients: Nutrients required by the body but not synthesized internally
• Scurvy: Vitamin C
• Beriberi: Vitamin B
• Rickets: Vitamin D

Question 6

What are vitamins? Name one source each for Vitamin A, D, K.

Answer 6

Definition: Chemical substances required in minute quantities for proper metabolism
• Vitamin A: Liver
• Vitamin D: Fish
• Vitamin K: Green vegetables

Question 7

State two ways fats and oils are important to the human body.

Answer 7

• Provide energy
• Insulate against heat loss

Question 8

State two ways each in which the following food substances are important to the human body:
• Lipids
• Roughage
• Water

Answer 8

• Lipids: Form cell membranes, protect organs
• Roughage: Prevents constipation, aids digestion
• Water: Facilitates chemical reactions, regulates temperature

Question 9

Explain nutrition and state three reasons why good nutrition is important to a pregnant woman.

Answer 9

• Definition: Intake of nutrients for growth and survival

Importance: Supports fetal development, provides energy, helps weight gain

Question 10

: Name one disease associated with the lack of each of the following nutrients:
• Proteins
• Calcium
• Iodine
• Vitamin B

Answer 10

• Proteins: Kwashiorkor
• Calcium: Rickets
• Iodine: Goiter
• Vitamin B: Beriberi

Question 11

Name one reagent used to test for protein and reducing sugar in the laboratory

Answer 11

Protein: Biuret reagent
• Reducing sugar: Benedict’s solution

Question 12

State two benefits of potassium and calcium to the human body. Name one source of each

Answer 12

Potassium: Regulates heartbeats, aids muscle contractions
• Calcium: Strengthens bones, helps blood clotting
• Potassium source: Bananas
• Calcium source: Dairy products