Food Chain and energy conversion

Question 1

Autotrophs:

Answer 1

self feeders

Question 2

Chemoautotrophs:

Answer 2

break down chemicals from environment to produce energy

Question 3

Autotrophs produce energy through:

Answer 3

photosynthesis

Question 4

Producers:

Answer 4

use photosynthesis to produce energy

- include plants, cyanobacteria, and eukaryotic algae

Question 5

Consumers:

Answer 5

obtain energy from the carbon compounds in the organism on which they feed and include detritovores, and saprotroph

Question 6

Biomass:

Answer 6

the total mass of living matter in an ecosystem

• large quantities of energy and biomass are dissipated at every trophic level

Question 7

Photosynthesis Equation:

Answer 7

6CO2 + 12H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
-> remember sunlight

-> remember CO2 and H2O is used to produce glucose, oxygen and water

Question 8

Photosynthetic efficiency:

Answer 8

efficiency of energy conversion between the differing trophic levels of the food chain

Question 9

Photosynthetic efficiency is calculated by ___

Answer 9

actual amount of energy available (amount of energy or carbon fixed producers) minus that required by the producers for cellular respiration - the remaining energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP) of the ecosystem

• > energy available minus energy required for cellular respiration
• > remaining energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP)

Question 10

Food chain order is:

Answer 10

producer –> primary consumer –> secondary consumer –> tertiary consumer

Question 11

Arrows on the food chain indicate ___

Answer 11

the direction of energy flow

Question 12

Energy is used on each level of the food chain but ___

Answer 12

not all energy on each level is transferred up to the next level

Question 13

100% energy efficiency in transportation is impossible as ___

Answer 13

energy is lost as heat and heat energy cannot be converted into any other form of energy

Question 14

Loss of energy between trophic levels is approximately?

Answer 14

90%

- only 10% of the biomass’s energy of the trophic level is available to the next

Question 15

Reasons for energy loss between trophic levels include ____ (out of 5)

Answer 15

• heat energy lost from respiration
• loss of CO2, water, and other wastes like urea
• organic material not consumed
• not 100% of matter consumed is digested/absorbed
• Energy lost in faeces which passes to decomposers instead

Question 16

Percentage energy efficiency (equation) =

Answer 16

( net productivity of the organism / net productivity of the previous trophic level ) x 100