Food chain and web

Question 1

Autotrophs/producers

Answer 1

• produce their own food (glucose)
• Through photosynthesis
• Mainly plants (and some bacteria, but you don’t need to know that!)

Question 2

Heterotrophs/consumers

Answer 2

• cannot make their own food

- get energy by eating plants or other animals

Question 3

Herbivores

Answer 3

Eat producers

Question 4

Carnivores

Answer 4

Eat consumers

Question 5

Omnivores

Answer 5

Eat both carnivores and producers

Question 6

Detritivores

Answer 6

Consumers that feed on dead organisms.
-Fallen leaves
-Animal wastes
-Organisms that have recently died.
Cause decay,
-Break down complex molecules into simpler molecules.
-Absorbed by decomposers or returned to soil/water.

Question 7

Trophic levels

Answer 7

Trophic levels represent the flow of energy through a food web or food chain.
-Primary producer: main producers
-Primary consumer -first consumer
-secondary consumer- second consumer that eats the first consumer.
Tertiary consumer- third consumer that eats the second consumer.
Quaternary consumer- fourth consumer that eats tertiary consumer,

Question 8

Food chain

Answer 8

-transfers energy in a single pathway

Question 9

Food web

Answer 9

*Interrelated food chains in an ecosystem

Question 10

Pyramid of energy

Answer 10

• pyramid shape= low percentage of energy transfer from bottom level up.
• 10% rule
• Approx. 10% of energy actually moves to the consumers. The rest is lost as “heat”

Question 11

Pyramid of numbers

Answer 11

• Primary producers are the most abundant

- Top consumers are the least abundant.