Food Hygiene And Preservation

Question 1

What is a pathogen?

Answer 1

A harmful bacterium

Question 2

What are the 4 pathogenic types of bacteria?

Answer 2

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites

Question 3

Vehicles

Answer 3

Inanimate objects that could transfer bacteria from one place to the other

Question 4

Vectors

Answer 4

Living creatures/humans that transfer bacteria from one place to another

Question 5

Enzymic browning

Answer 5

Catchecol (substrate) + polyphenoloxidase (enzyme) + oxygen —> brown pigments

Question 6

What happens by natural decay

Answer 6

Moisture loss and enzymic reaction

Question 7

What does bananas produce and what do they do to other fruits

Answer 7

Bananas produce ethylene gas and other fruits absorb this, speeding up the ripening process

Question 8

How does food spoil attacking from the inside?

Answer 8

Bacteria and enzymes attack (enzymic browning when attacking from the inside)

Question 9

How does food spoil attacking from the outside?

Answer 9

Pests, insects, moulds, yeast, bacteria

Question 10

What are moulds?

Answer 10

A type of fungus that causes food spoilage. It multiplies by air-borne spores, which land and grow special root systems called mycelium. Once shaken, it reproduces and lands on somewhere else.

Question 11

What are yeasts?

Answer 11

A single-celled microorganism that reproduces by budding. Buds are found on yeast cells on the surface and get bigger and bigger. They can grow in high concentrations of sugar and acids and can grow without oxygen.

Question 12

What is bacteria?

Answer 12

They are small single celled organisms that reproduce by binary fission. Some are harmless and some are harmful, which are called pathogens.

Question 13

What is binary fission?

Answer 13

When a cell constantly splits into half and doubles (keeps dividing)