Field of study which deals with conditions and practices in food production, handling, oprep, and processing with an objective to PREVENT CONTAMINATION
Assurance that food will not bring harm
Food safety
A result of food contamination which caused ingestion OF VIABLE AND INFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS
Infection
A result of food contamination which causes ingestion if pre formed toxins without ingestion of viable microorganisms
Intoxication
A category of contamination wherein it can either be macro or microbiological
Biological contamination
A type of biological contamination caused by helmiths and other parasites, poisonous plants and animals
Macrobiological contamination
A type of biological contamination caused by bacteria, yeast, molds and their toxins
Microbiological contamination
A category of contamination caused by fertilisers, chemicals, insecticides, toxic metal poisoning such as Copper, cobalt, lead, mercury
Chemical contamination
A category of contamination wherein fragments of insects, parts of animal like hair, metal shavings from cans
Physical contamination
A category of contamination from radioactive materials like IODINE 131, CESIUM 137, BARIUM 170, AND STRONIUM 90
Radiological contamintation
Common sources of food contaminants
FOOD HANDLER INSECTS / RODENTS AIR, DUST, SOIL WATER, SEWAGE UTENSILS . EQUIPMENT
PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS
Coliforms Fecal streptococcus/ enterococcus Salmonella Staphylococcus aureus Clostridium Botulinum Clostridium perfringens Bacillus aureus Vibrio parahemolyticus
Food born microbiological hazards
Shigella sp Vibrio cholera’ Streptococcus Brucella abortus Myobacterium tuberculosis Yersinia
A type of chemical poisoning caused by ingestion of SELENIUM found in MILK, EGGS, MEAT, GRAINS, AND VEGS
Selenium (se) poisoning
A type of chem poisoning from ingestion of food prepared and processed using GALVANIZED WARE
Zinc (zn) poisoning
Type of chem poisoning caused by ingestion of food that has come in contact with COPPER SURFACES such as ACID FOOD, OR CARBONATED LIQUID
Cooper (cu) poisoning
Type of chem poisoning due to silver polish whith CYANIDE contaminating utensils
Cyanide poisoning
Type of chem poisoning caused by leached out Sb / Antimony form ENAMEL WARE used in cooking acid foods
Sb / antimony poisoning
Type of chem poisoning from leached out Hg from food utensils
Seafood contaminated with industrial wastes can also contain high level of Hg
Hg / mercury poisoning
Type of chem poisoning from contaminations of food with PESTICIDES
Arsenic / as poisoning
Type of fchem poisoning from food contaminated with pesticides containnig SODIUM FLOURIDE
Flouride poisoning§
Type of chem poisoning from leached out cadmium from PLATING MAITERIALS
Cd cadmium poisoning
Substances that upon ingestion changes HOMEOSTASIS resukting inobnormal function if an organism
FOOD TOXICANTS
Man made intoxicants
> AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS
>fertilizers
>pesticides
Contained in insecticides that are harmful because of its solubility
Chlorinated hydrocarbon
Natural occuring food toxicants
>oxalic acid >flavorants >purine >xanthine >cyanogenic glycoside >antinutrients >phytohemaglutinins >solanine >thiocyanates >discoriine
Inhibitors of CHOLINESTERASE from insecticides which are soluble in water
organophosphorus insecticides
Found in SPINACH, CAMIAS, BALIMBING, CASHER, TUBERS, LEAVES OF TARI
May cause poor growth and development of kidney stones
Oxalic acid
Found in ONION, GARLIC, GINGER, BLACK PEPPER
Flavorants
Flavorants with pungent taste of garlic whihc can lead to inflammation of the alimentarybtract
ALLIIN, ALLICIN, ALLYLIDISULFIDE
Flavorant with lachrymatory substance in onions§
Propenylsulfic acid
Flavorant found in pepper
Capsaicin
Flavorant found in citrus
Limonin
Flavorant found in nutmeg, carrots, celery which is also known as NARCOTIC AND HALLUCINOGENIC
Myristicin
Flavorant found in mustard
irritates MUCOUS MEMBRANE and causes COPIIUS FLOW OF TEARS AND BURNING SENSATION
Sinigrin
Derived from URIC ACID and found in LEGUMES
Intake can elad to GOUT FORMATION AND FATTY LESIONS
Purine
Caffiene in coffe, theobromine in chocolate whihc may cause insomnia, irritability and cardiac arrest
Xanthine
Substance which inactivates or destroys essential dietary constituent
Antinutrients
Antinutrient in ANTIBIOTINE
Avidin
Antinutrient whihc destroys thiamine
Thusminase
Antivitamin which ANTAGONISES VIT A
Citral
Antivitamin which inactivates carotene
Lipoxygenase
ANTINUTRIENT WHICH CAUSES VIT E DEFICIENCY
PUFA
Antinutrient factor in CORN
Anti nicotinic
Found in legumes and have the ability to agglutinate red blood cells
Phytothemaglutinins
Compounds that produce goiter by interfering with thyroxin synthesis of the thyroid gland
Goitrins / goitrogens
Found in yam which can oaralyze the nervous system
Characterized by depressant symptoms
Discorine
Poisoning from shark’s liver
Fish poisoning ‘ itchytoxism
System which identifies soecific hazards and measures for their control to ensure safety of food
Hazard analysis critical control unit
