Foodstuff

Question 1

Oats are high in ______ & low in ______

Answer 1

fiber; digestible energy

Question 2

Should there be any small black kernels in oats?

Answer 2

no; that is toxic fungus (ergot)

Question 3

How can oats be fed?

Answer 3

whole, crimped, rolled

Question 4

List types of concentrates

Answer 4

oats, corn, barley, beet pulp, bran, rice brain, pellets/extruded, oils

Question 5

What has the most energy of any grain?

Answer 5

corn

Question 6

How can corn be fed?

Answer 6

whole, cracked, rolled, on the cob

Question 7

Symptoms of Leukoencephalomalcia

Answer 7

neurological, ataxia, depression, sudden death

Question 8

What is the cause of leukencephalomalacia & aflatoxicosis

Answer 8

improperly stored corn

Question 9

Symptoms of aflatoxicosis

GADHAW

Answer 9

GI disturbances, anorexia, diarrhea, hemorrhage, anemia, weight loss

Question 10

_____ similar to oats but the opposite in energy & fiber

Answer 10

Barley; high energy low fiber

Question 11

How can barley be fed?

Answer 11

rolled or flaked

Question 12

What is beet pulp?

Answer 12

dried, fibrous by-product of sugar beet

Question 13

What should you do to beet pulp (generally) before serving?

Answer 13

soak in water

Question 14

Benefits of beet pulp

Answer 14

more roughage than grain; more energy than hay; easily digestible; no overload; substitute for hay allergies

Question 15

What is bran?

Answer 15

ground-up hulls of wheat

Question 16

Problem with bran

Answer 16

mess w/absorption of calcium, copper, zinc, manganese –> bone problems

Question 17

If bran has dust, clamps, or cobwebs; it should not be used because it is evidence of what

Answer 17

weevils

Question 18

Benefit of rice bran

Answer 18

energy-dense & useful fat supplement

Question 19

Define pellets

Answer 19

nuggets of feed that was ground, mixed, & heated making it more digestible & easier to absorb

Question 20

Con of pellets/extruded

Answer 20

chance of dehydration

Question 21

Which has more calories: oils or grain?

Answer 21

oils

Question 22

List types of roughage

Answer 22

hay, grass, alfalfa cubes, beet pulp

Question 23

List types of grass

Answer 23

Timothy, coastal bermuda, prairies hay, ryegrass, orchard grass, brome

Question 24

List types of legume hay

Answer 24

alfalfa, clover, lucerne

Question 25

Spring grass can cause what

Answer 25

digestion issues, founder, laminitis

Question 26

roughage is high in _____ & low in _____

Answer 26

fiber; energy

Question 27

List qualities of high-quality hay

Answer 27

sweet-smelling & fresh; dust & mold free; green, leafy, intact plants; moisture content 12-18%

Question 28

If hay/roughage is damp, it can what

Answer 28

mold, spoil, overheat, spontaneously combust

Question 29

Factors to look for when looking at hay

Answer 29

fertilization; amnt of H2O; species; region; maturity @ harvest; proper curing; proper storage; insect infestation; weed control; sunlight

Question 30

What should you always check hay for?

Answer 30

mold, dead animals, blister beetles, weeds

Question 31

What can moldy hay cause?

Answer 31

coughing/respiratory issues

Question 32

If a flake of hay is extremely heavy, it is a sign of what

Answer 32

mold

Question 33

Dead animals in hay can lead to what disease

Answer 33

botulism or anthrax

Question 34

Blister beetles are found in what and where

Answer 34

alfalfa; S/W/SW

Question 35

Grass hay vs Legume Hay

Answer 35

Grass: high fiber low protein; less likely overfed; need supplements Legume: high energy/protein/calcium; no supplement; can be overfed

Question 36

What can happen if a horse is overfed Legume hay?

Answer 36

thirst, dehydration, buildup of ammonia fumes, gaseous colic, laminitis, myositis

Question 37

T/F: nutritional needs can be met w/good quality pasture w/free access to salt & water

Answer 37

True