Foot

Question 1

** add cards on dermatomes

Question 2

Tendons of fibularis longus and brevis pass through the ____ and ____ around the lateral malleolus

Answer 2

Superficial fibular and inferior fibular retinaculum

Question 3

The deep fascia on the plantar aspect of the foot is called the ____

Answer 3

Plantar aponeurosis

Question 4

Name the 3 most superficial muscles (layer 1) of the plantar aspect of the foot

Answer 4

• abductor hallucis
• flexor digitorum brevis
• abductor digiti minimi

Question 5

Neurovascular plane between layers 1 & 2 of the plantar foot

Answer 5

• lateral plantar n + a
• medial plantar n + a

Question 6

Name the 3 muscles of the 2nd layer of the plantar aspect of the foot

Answer 6

• quadratus plantae
• lumbricals
• tendons of flexor hallicus longus & flexor digitorum longus

Question 7

Name the 3 muscles of the 3rd layer of the plantar aspect of the foot

Answer 7

• adductor hallicus
• flexor hallicus brevis
• flexor digiti minimi

Question 8

Neurovascular plane between layers 3 & 4 of the plantar foot

Answer 8

Plantar arch and its branches

Question 9

Name the muscles innervated by the medial plantar nerve

Answer 9

• abductor hallucis
• flexor digitorum brevis
• flexor hallucis brevis
• 1st (most medial) lumbrical

Question 10

Origin & insertion of abductor digiti minimi

Answer 10

O: medial & lateral processes of calcaneal tuberosity & plantar aponeurosis

I: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe

Question 11

Innervation of abductor digiti minimi

Answer 11

Lateral plantar n

Question 12

Actions of abductor digiti minimi

Answer 12

Abduct & flex little toe

Question 13

Origin & insertion of abductor hallicus

Answer 13

O: flexor retinaculum, medial process of calcaneal tuberosity; plantar aponeurosis

I: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

Question 14

Innervation of abductor hallicus

Answer 14

Medial plantar n

Question 15

Action of abductor hallicus

Answer 15

Abduct & flex hallux and maintain medial longitudinal arch

Question 16

Origin & insertion of flexor digitorum brevis

Answer 16

O: medial & lateral processes of calcaneal tuberosity and plantar aponeurosis

I: lateral & medial sides of bases of middle phalanges, lateral 4 toes

Question 17

Innervation of flexor digitorum brevis

Answer 17

Medial plantar n

Question 18

Action of flexor digitorum brevis

Answer 18

Flexion of lateral 4 toes

Question 19

The tibial nerve and artery divide into the ____ and ____

Answer 19

Medial plantar & lateral plantar nn and aa

Question 20

The medial & lateral plantar nerves and arteries divide into the ____, which divide into the ____

Answer 20

Common plantar digital nn & aa
Proper plantar digital nn & aa

Question 21

Origin & insertion of quadratus plantae

Answer 21

O: plantar surface of calcaneus and long plantar ligament
I: tendon of flexor digitorum longus

Question 22

Innervation of quadratus plantae

Answer 22

Lateral plantar nerve

Question 23

Action of quadratus plantae

Answer 23

Straighten its line of action to align with longitudinal axis of foot

Question 24

Origin & insertion of lumbricals

Answer 24

O: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
I: dorsal digital expansions

Question 25

Innervation of lumbricals

Answer 25

1st: medial plantar n 2nd-4th: lateral plantar n

Question 26

Action of lumbricals

Answer 26

Flex metatarsophalangeal joint Extend IPs

Question 27

Origin & insertion of flexor hallicus brevis

Answer 27

O: plantar surface of cuboid, lateral cuneiform, and tendon of tibialis posterior I: 2 tendons on sides of base of proximal phalanx of hallux

Question 28

Innervation of flexor hallicus brevis

Answer 28

Medial plantar n

Question 29

Actions of flexor hallicus brevis

Answer 29

Flex metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe

Question 30

Origin & insertion of flexor digiti minimi

Answer 30

O: base of 5th metatarsal & tendon of tibialis posterior I: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe

Question 31

Innervation of flexor digiti minimi

Answer 31

Lateral plantar n

Question 32

Action of flexor digiti minimi

Answer 32

Flex metatarsophalangeal joint of little toe

Question 33

Origin & insertion of adductor hallicus

Answer 33

2 heads: transverse & oblique, create a “7” pattern Insertion: common tendon into base of proximal phalanx of hallux

Question 34

Innervation of adductor hallicus

Answer 34

Lateral plantar n

Question 35

Action of adductor hallicus

Answer 35

Adduct hallux, can flex hallux

Question 36

The plantar arch originates from the ____

Answer 36

Lateral plantar artery

Question 37

The plantar arch ends by branching into a ____ and ____

Answer 37

Superficial branch (plantar metatarsal aa;stays plantar) Deep plantar a (deep branch; goes dorsal)

Question 38

Origin & insertion of plantar interossei

Answer 38

O: bases & medial surfaces of 2nd-5th metatarsals I: bases of proximal phalanges of digits 3-5 and dorsal digital expansion

Question 39

Innervation of plantar interossei

Answer 39

Lateral plantar n

Question 40

Action of plantar interossei

Answer 40

Adduct digits 3-4, assist lumbricals

Question 41

Origin & insertion of dorsal interossei

Answer 41

O: each by 2 heads from adjacent sides of metatarsals I: dorsal digital expansions of 2nd-4th toes

Question 42

Innervation of dorsal interossei

Answer 42

Lateral plantar n

Question 43

Action of dorsal interossei

Answer 43

Abduct 2nd-4th toes, assist lumbricals

Question 44

Origin & insertion of extensor hallucis brevis

Answer 44

O: dorsal aspect of calcaneus I: lateral side, base of proximal phalanx of great toe

Question 45

Origin & insertion of Extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 45

O: dorsal & lateral aspect of calcaneus I: lateral side of tendons of extensor digitorum longus for 2nd-4th toes

Question 46

Innervation of extensor hallicus brevis & Extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 46

Deep fibular n

Question 47

After passing the malleoli, the anterior tibial artery is called the ____

Answer 47

Dorsalis pedis a

Question 48

Perforating arteries anastomose with the ____

Answer 48

Common plantar digital aa

Question 49

** finish blood supply cards

Question 50

The medial longitudinal arch consists of…

Answer 50

- calcaneus - navicular - 3 cuneiforms - 3 medial metatarsals

Question 51

The lateral longitudinal arch consists of…

Answer 51

- calcaneus - cuboid - 2 lateral metatarsals

Question 52

Describe the transverse arch

Answer 52

- runs side to side - cuboid + 3 cuneiforms