Pectoral Region

Question 1

cutaneous nerves

Which nerve innervates the base of the neck and laterally over the shoulder?

Answer 1

Supraclavicular nerves (C3, C4)

Question 2

cutaneous nerves

What nerves innervate the lateral aspect of the arm?

Answer 2

Upper lateral brachial cutaneous nerves (from axillary nerve (C5))
Lower lateral brachial cutaneous nerves (from radial nerve (C5, C6))

Question 3

cutaneous nerves

Which nerve innervates the axilla?

Answer 3

Intercostobrachial nerve (T2)

Question 4

cutaneous nerves

Which nerve innervates the anterior medial aspect of the arm?

Answer 4

Medial brachial cutaneous nerve (C8, T1)

Question 5

cutaneous nerves

Which nerve innervates the posterior medial aspect of the arm?

Answer 5

posterior brachial cutaneous nn (from radial n (C8, T1))

Question 6

cutaneous nerves

Which nerves innervate the lateral posterior aspect of the arm & forearm?

Answer 6

Lower lateral brachial cutaneous nerves (from radial nerve (C6, C7))
Posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve (inferior) (from radial nerve (C6, C7))

Question 7

Which nerve runs from above to below the clavicle?

Answer 7

Supraclavicular nerves

Question 8

Name the lymph nodes in the neck

Answer 8

Deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 9

Name the lymph nodes superior and inferior to the clavicle

Answer 9

Supraclavicular lymph nodes
Infraclavicular lymph nodes

Question 10

Name the lymph nodes in the axilla

Answer 10

Central axillary lymph nodes
Subscapular axillary lymph nodes
Anterior axillary (pectoral) lymph nodes

Question 11

Name the lymph nodes inferior to the pectoral muscles

Answer 11

Inframammary lymph nodes

Question 12

Name the lymph nodes around the sternum

Answer 12

Parasternal lymph nodes

Question 13

Which fascia is most superficial in the pectoral region?

Answer 13

Pectoral fascia

Question 14

Which fascia runs deep to the pectoral muscles, connecting to the clavicle?

Answer 14

Clavipectoral fascia

Question 15

What structure connects the coracoid process to the ribs?

Answer 15

Costocoracoid membrane

Question 16

What structure connects the clavipectoral fascia to the axillary fascia?

Answer 16

Suspensory ligament of the axilla

Question 17

Which fascia connects the suspensory ligament of the axilla to the axilla?

Answer 17

Axillary fascia

Question 18

In the deltopectoral triangle, when the pectoralis major muscle is reflected, which nerve, artery, and vein can be found?

Answer 18

Lateral pectoral nerves, thoracoacromial artery, cephalic vein

Question 19

Which bones are in the pectoral region?

Answer 19

Clavicle, sternum, ribs and costal cartilages, scapula, proximal humerus

Question 20

Which muscles are in the pectoral region?

Answer 20

Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, subclavius, serratus anterior

Question 21

Origin and insertion of pectoralis major

Answer 21

Origin: clavicular head (arises off the medial 1/3 of clavicle), sternal head (arises from the costal margin of the sternum and the 2nd to 6th costal cartilages

Insertion: lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus

Question 22

Innervation of pectoralis major & minor

Answer 22

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 23

Actions of pectoralis major

Answer 23

Adduction, flex an extended arm and extend a flexed arm, medial rotation

Question 24

Origin and insertion of pectoralis minor

Answer 24

Origin: ribs 2-5
Insertion: coracoid process of scapula

Question 25

Actions of pectoralis minor

Answer 25

Protract scapula and elevates ribs

Question 26

Origin and Insertion of subclavius

Answer 26

Origin: superior surface of first rib near the costocartilage junction Insertion: middle third of the clavicle

Question 27

Innervation and spinal levels of subclavius

Answer 27

nerve to subclavius (C5, C6)

Question 28

Action of the subclavius

Answer 28

Depress the clavicle

Question 29

Origin and insertion of serratus anterior

Answer 29

Origin: upper 9 ribs Insertion: ventral aspect of the medial border of the scapula

Question 30

Innervation and spinal levels of serratus anterior

Answer 30

long thoracic nerve (C5, **C6**, **C7**)

Question 31

Actions of serratus anterior

Answer 31

Protracts the scapula, upward rotation of the glenoid fossa

Question 32

Due to the superficial nature of the long thoracic nerve, it is commonly injured producing:

Answer 32

winging of the scapula