Foot

Question 1

What is the medial ankle ligament?

Answer 1

Deltoid ligament

Question 2

What makes up the lateral ankle ligaments?

Answer 2

Lateral ligament complex

Question 3

What are the 7 bony areas within the foot region?

Answer 3

1. Phalanges (distal, middle, proximal)
2. Metatarsals
3. Cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral)
4. Cuboid
5. Navicular
6. Calcaneus
7. Talus

Question 4

What bones make up the forefoot?

Answer 4

Phalanges and metatarsals

Question 5

What bones make up the midfoot?

Answer 5

Cuneiforms, cuboid and navicular

Question 6

What bones make up the hindfoot?

Answer 6

Calcaneus and talus

Question 7

What are the 5 joints within the foot?

Answer 7

Subtalar
Midtarsal/ transverse tarsal (x2)
Tarsometatarsal 
Metatarsophalangeal
Interphalangeal

Question 8

What are the two midtarsal joints?

Answer 8

Calcaneocuboidal joint

Talocalcaneonavicular joint

Question 9

What is the name given to the deep fascia of the foot?

Answer 9

Plantar fascia

Question 10

What is the plantar aponeurosis?

Answer 10

Thicken central area of plantar fascia

Question 11

What is the origin of the plantar fascia?

Answer 11

Tuberosity of calcaneus

Question 12

What is the insertion of the plantar fascia?

Answer 12

Heads of the metatarsals

Question 13

What are the three arches of the foot?

Answer 13

Medial longitudinal arch
Lateral longitudinal arch
Tranverse arch

Question 14

How many intrinsic muscles are in the foot?

Answer 14

20

Question 15

What are the 3 categories of intrinsic foot muscles?

Answer 15

Plantar - 14
Dorsal - 2
Intermediate - 4

Question 16

How many layers are in the plantar aspect of the foot?

Answer 16

4 layers

Question 17

What muscles are in the 1st plantar layer? (3)

Answer 17

Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor digiti minimi

Question 18

What muscles are in the 2nd plantar layer? (5)

Answer 18

Quadratus plantae

Lumbricals (x4)

Question 19

What muscles are in the 3rd plantar layer? (3)

Answer 19

Flexor hallicus brevis
Adductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum minimi brevis

Question 20

What muscles are in the 4th plantar layer?

Answer 20

Plantar interossei (x3)

Also dorsal interossei in dorsal aspect (x4)

Question 21

What muscles are in the dorsal aspect of the foot?

Answer 21

Extensor digitorum brevis (EDB)
Extensor hallucis brevis (EHB)

EHB is part of EDB

Question 22

Do the plantar interossei ABduct or ADduct?

Answer 22

ADuct

PAD

Question 23

Do the dorsal interossi ABduct or ADduct?

Answer 23

ABduct

DAB

Question 24

What are the main arteries that supply the foot?

Answer 24

Dorsalis pedis

Medial and lateral plantar arteries

Question 25

What artery does the dorsalis pedis arise from?

Answer 25

Anterior tibial

Question 26

What does the dorsalis pedis artery branch into?

Answer 26

Arcuate artery

Question 27

What artery do the medial and lateral plantar arteries arise from?

Answer 27

Posterior tibial

Question 28

What is the superficial venous supply of the foot?

Answer 28

Great and small saphenous veins

Question 29

Where do the great and small saphenous veins arise from?

Answer 29

Dorsal venous arch

Question 30

What is the deep venous supply of the foot?

Answer 30

Popliteal vein

Question 31

Where does the popliteal vein arise from?

Answer 31

Anterior and posterior tibial and fibular veins

Question 32

What is the motor nerve supply to the sole muscles?

Answer 32

Tibial nerve

Question 33

What is the motor supply to the dorsum muscles?

Answer 33

Deep fibular nerve

Question 34

What is the sensory supply to the foot muscles?

Answer 34

``` Superficial fibular nerve Deep fibular nerve Sural nerve Saphenous nerve Tibial nerve ```