Shoulder Joint

Question 1

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 1

Synovial, multiaxial, ball and socket

Question 2

What are the main ligaments in the shoulder? (5)

Answer 2

Coracoclavicular
Coracoacromial
Coracohumeral
Acromioclavicular
Glenohumeral

Question 3

What neck of the humerus is more commonly fractured?

Answer 3

Surgical neck

Question 4

What nerve and artery are vulnerable in a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus?

Answer 4

Posterior circumflex artery

Axillary nerve

Question 5

Is avascular necrosis more likely to occur with a fracture of the anatomical or surgical neck of the humerus? And why?

Answer 5

Anatomical neck - more likely to damage the blood supply

Question 6

What is the badge patch area and what muscles/bones make up its borders?

Answer 6

An area on the lateral aspect of the arm that the axillary nerve passes through
Superior - teres minor
Inferior - teres major
Lateral - humers
Medial - long head of triceps

Question 7

What muscles does the axillary nerve supply?

Answer 7

Deltoid

Teres minor

Question 8

What nerve should you test for in a dislocation of the shoulder?

Answer 8

Axillary nerve C5/C6

Question 9

How can you test the function of the axillary nerve?

Answer 9

Sensory - test for sensation

Motor - get patient to try and abduct the upper arm about 15 degrees (testing action of deltoid)