Foot

Question 1

Which two bones of the foot transfer weight?

Answer 1

The calcaneus and talus

Question 2

Is the cuboid lateral or medial?

Answer 2

Lateral

Question 3

Is the navicular lateral or medial?

Answer 3

Medial

Question 4

When a foot is amputated, what joint do they usually go through?

Answer 4

The transverse tarsal joint

Question 5

Plantar fasciitis is inflammation where?

Answer 5

At its proximal attachment (the calcaneus)

Question 6

Causes of plantar fasciitis

Answer 6

running, worn out shoes with poor arch support, overweight

Question 7

What might plantar fasciitis lead to?

Answer 7

heel spur or calcaneal spur. In particular the medial calcaneal tubercle

Question 8

Two muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

Answer 8

Extensor hallucis brevis and extensor digitorum brevis

Question 9

Where does extensor digitorum brevis insert?

Answer 9

Only on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th digits of the feet

Question 10

Innervation of the muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

Answer 10

The deep fibular nerve

Question 11

First layer of plantar muscles? (3)

Answer 11

The abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi

Question 12

Second layer of plantar muscles?

Answer 12

Quadratus plantae, lumbricals

Question 13

Origin and insertion of quadratus plantae?

Answer 13

O: Calcaneus
I: joins the tendon of FDL

Question 14

Function of quadratus plantae?

Answer 14

Prevents flexor digitorum longus from pulling the digits of the toe laterally

Question 15

Function of the lumbricals

Answer 15

flex the MTP joints, extend the PIP and DIP joints

Question 16

Third layer of plantar muscles?

Answer 16

Flexor digiti minimi brevis, adductor hallucis (transverse and oblique head), flexor hallucis brevis

Question 17

What is weird about flexor digiti minimi brevis?

Answer 17

There is no flexor digiti minimi longus

Question 18

What is the midline of the foot?

Answer 18

The 2nd digit

Question 19

The 2nd digit of the foot only has what muscles on it

Answer 19

Dorsal interossei, since it is the midline and cant adduct

Question 20

Hallux valgus definition

Answer 20

lateral displacement of the great toe

Question 21

Hallux valgus cause

Answer 21

wearing pointy shoes

Question 22

What is mallet toe? When does it occur?

Answer 22

flexion of the DIP joint. When the 2nd or 3rd digit is longer than the 1st.

Question 23

Hammer toe

Answer 23

extension at the MP joint, flexion at the proximal IP joint, extension at the distal IP joint

Question 24

Claw toe

Answer 24

Extension at the MP joint, flexion at the PIP, and flexion at the DIP

Question 25

What does the tibial nerve turn into terminally?

Answer 25

The medial and lateral plantar nerves

Question 26

Medial plantar nerve

Answer 26

passes deep to abductor hallucis and runs anteriorly between abductor hallucis and flexor digitorum brevis

Question 27

Lateral plantar nerve

Answer 27

passes deep to abductor hallucis, runs anterolaterally deep to flexor digitorum brevis, and terminates by dividing into superficial and deep branches

Question 28

What does the medial plantar nerve innervate?

Answer 28

1st lumbrical, abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis (1LAFF)