Foot And Ankle Muscles

Question 1

Tibial is anterior - origin, insertion

Answer 1

Upper lateral tibia, interosseous membrane

Junction of the first ray

Question 2

Extensor hallucis longus - origin, insertion

Answer 2

Anterior fibula, interosseous membrane

Base of the distal phalanx of hallux

Question 3

Extensor digitorum longus - origin, insertion

Answer 3

Lateral tibial condyle, upper 3/4 of anterior fibula, interosseous membrane

Toe 2-5 (one central and two lateral slips)

Question 4

Peroneus tertius - origin, insertion

Answer 4

Anterior lateral fibula

Dorsal base of the 5th metatarsal

***not present in everyone

Question 5

Peroneus longus - origin, insertion

Answer 5

Head and upper fibula

Plantar junction of the 1st ray

Question 6

Peroneus brevis - origin, insertion

Answer 6

Lower 2/3 of fibula

Tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal

Question 7

Gastrocnemius - origin, insertion

Answer 7

Medial head: posterior femoral condyle
Lateral head: lateral posterior femoral condyle

Achllies tendon

Question 8

Soleus - origin, insertion

Answer 8

Posterior head and shaft of the fibula, posterior tibia below soleal line

Achilles’ tendon

Question 9

Plantaris - origin, insertion

Answer 9

Lateral supracondylar line of femur

Achilles tendon

Question 10

Tibialis posterior - origin, insertion

Answer 10

Upper 1/2 of fibula, interosseous membrane

All tarsals except talus, bases of metatarsals 2-4

Question 11

Flexor digitiorum longus - origin, insertion

Answer 11

Middle 1/3 of tibia

Base of distal phalanx for toes 2-5

Question 12

Flexor hallucis longus - origin, insertion

Answer 12

Lower 2/3 of fibula, interosseous membrane

Base of distal phalanx of hallux

Question 13

Extensor digitorum brevis - origin, insertion

Answer 13

Floor of the calcaneous

Hallux and toes 2-4 through the extensor digitorum longus tendon

Question 14

Abductor hallucis - origin, insertion

Answer 14

Medial calcaneal tubercle, flexor retinaculum, plantar apopneurosis

Medial proximal phalanx of hallux

Question 15

Flexor digitorum brevis - origin, insertion

Answer 15

Medial calcaneal tubercle, plantar apopneurosis

Both sides of middle phalanx of digits 2-5

Question 16

Abductor digiti minimi - origin, insertion

Answer 16

Lateral calcaneal tubercle, plantar apopneurosis

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of digit 5

Question 17

Lumbricals - origin, insertion

Answer 17

Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Lateral extensor hood of digit 2, medial side of extensor hood of digits 3-5

Question 18

Quadratus plantae - origin, insertion

Answer 18

Medial head: medial calcaneal tubercle
Lateral head: lateral calcaneal tubercle

Posterior lateral margin of flexor digitorum longus tendon

Question 19

Flexor hallucis brevis - origin, insertion

Answer 19

Plantar surface of cuboid, 3rd cuneiform

Both sides of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

Question 20

Adductor hallucis - origin, insertion

Answer 20

Oblique head: base of metatarsals 2-4
Transverse head: plantar metatarsophalangeal ligaments of toes 2-5

Lateral base of proximal phalanx of hallux

Question 21

Flexor digiti minimi - origin, insertion

Answer 21

Base of 5th metatarsal

Base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe

Question 22

Dorsal interossei (DABs) - origin, insertion

Answer 22

Base and adjacent side of metatarsals 2-5

1st: extensor hood and medial side of proximal phalanx of digit 2
2nd-4th: extensor hood and lateral sides of proximal phalanges of digits 2-4

Question 23

Plantar interossei (PADs) - origin, insertion

Answer 23

Medial shafts of metatarsals 3-5

Extensor hood and medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of digits 3-5

Question 24

Anterior compartment muscles

Answer 24

Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallicus longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Peroneus tertius

Question 25

Lateral compartment leg muscles

Answer 25

Peroneus longus Peroneus brevis

Question 26

Superficial posterior compartment leg muscles

Answer 26

Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris

Question 27

Deep posterior compartment leg muscles

Answer 27

Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallicus longus

Question 28

Dorsal foot muscles

Answer 28

Extensor digitorum brevis Extensor hallicus brevis

Question 29

Plantar foot first layer muscles

Answer 29

Abductor hallicus Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi

Question 30

Plantar foot second layer muscles

Answer 30

Lumbricals Quadratus plantae

Question 31

Plantar foot third layer muscles

Answer 31

Flexor hallicus brevis Adductor hallicus Flexor digiti minimi

Question 32

Plantar foot fourth layer muscles

Answer 32

PADs - plantar interossei adductors DABs - dorsal interossei abductors