forces Flashcards

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1
Q

what does a force do

A

a force may produce a change in the size and shape of a body

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2
Q

what does hooke’s law state

A

the extension or compression produced in a spring is directly proportional to the load applied to it until its elastic limit

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3
Q

what is hookes law formula

A

force = spring constant x extension

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4
Q

what is friction

A
  • contact force
  • force that opposes the motion of an object
  • air resistance is a frictional force
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5
Q

friction formula

A

force = mass x acceleration

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6
Q

what is circular motion

A

when an object moves in a circular path, even if it travels at a constant speed the direction of its velocity changes at every point

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7
Q

what are the 3 factors affecting the magnitude of the centripetal force

A
  • mass of the object: as this increases the force increases
  • speed of the object: as speed increases the force increases
  • radius of the circle path: as the radius decreases the force required increases
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8
Q

formula for moments

A

moment = force x perpendicular distance of the line of action of the force from the pivot

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9
Q

what is equilibrium

A

when an object continues to be in its state of rest or uniform motion

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10
Q

how does an object reach equilibrium

A
  • the forces acting on the object are balanced (no resultant force)
  • the net resultant moment acting on an object is 0 (sum of clockise moments equal to sum of anticlockwise moments)
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11
Q

what is the principle of moments

A

for an object to be in rotational equilibrium, the sum of the clockwise moments should be equal to the sum of the anti-clockwise moments

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12
Q

what is centre of mass

A

the point inside or outside an object where the entire mass of an object can be assumed to be concentrated. It is the point through which the weight of an object acts
for regualr objects its located at the geometrical centre

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13
Q

the relationship between centre of mass and stability

A
  • closer the centre of the mass of an object to its base of support, the greater the stability of the object
  • wider the base of support of an object, the greater the stability of an object
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14
Q

what are scalars

A

only have magnitude

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15
Q

what are vectos

A

magnitude and direction

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