Forces And Their Effects Flashcards
(25 cards)
How can objects interact without contact?
Through gravitational, electrostatic, or magnetic fields.
What are examples of contact forces?
Normal contact force and friction.
What are interaction pairs of forces?
Pairs of equal and opposite forces acting on two interacting objects.
How do vector diagrams help represent forces?
They show the direction and magnitude of forces.
What is a free body diagram?
A diagram showing all the forces acting on an object.
What happens when forces on an object are balanced?
The object remains at rest or continues at constant velocity.
What is the resultant force?
A single force that has the same effect as all the forces acting together.
When is an object in equilibrium?
When the resultant force on it is zero.
What is a moment of a force?
The turning effect of a force about a pivot.
What is the formula for moment?
Moment = force × perpendicular distance from pivot (Nm)
What is the principle of moments?
In equilibrium, total clockwise moments = total anticlockwise moments.
What does a larger moment mean?
A greater turning effect.
How can you increase the moment of a force?
Increase the force or the perpendicular distance.
What is a lever?
A rigid bar that pivots around a point to transmit force.
How do levers make work easier?
They increase the distance over which a force acts, reducing the required force.
What is a gear?
A rotating wheel with teeth that transfers motion and force to another gear.
How do gears transmit rotational force?
By interlocking and rotating in opposite directions.
What do larger gears do?
Provide a greater moment and turn slower than smaller gears.
What do smaller gears do?
Turn faster but provide less moment than larger gears.
How does lubrication reduce unwanted energy transfer?
It reduces friction between moving parts.
Why is friction considered wasteful?
It causes energy to be dissipated as heat.
What are scalar quantities?
Quantities with magnitude only, e.g., speed and distance.
What are vector quantities?
Quantities with magnitude and direction, e.g., velocity and force.
How can a resultant force be resolved?
By drawing a scale vector diagram.
