Forearm and elbow

Question 1

What structures form the elbow joint

Answer 1

Capitulum,
Trochlea,
Trochlea notch,
Head of the Radius

Question 2

What structures form the proximal Radioulnar joint

Answer 2

Radial notch (on Ulna),
Radial head

Question 3

Where are the medial and lateral epichondyle located

Answer 3

Projections on the Distal Humorous

Question 4

What are the purposes of the olecranon fossa, radial fossa and coronoid fossa

Answer 4

Accommodate the forearm bones during movement at the elbow

Question 5

What can happen following direct damage to the elbow such as an supraepichondylar fracture

Answer 5

Interference of brachial Artery

Damage to Ulna, Radial or Median nerves

Question 6

What can occur due to a medial epichondylar fracture

Answer 6

Damage to the Ulna nerve, Ulna claw

Question 7

What does the proximal end of the Ulna articulate with

Answer 7

Trochlea

Question 8

What is the Olecranon

Answer 8

Large projection of bone that forms part of Trochlea notch,

Triceps Brachii inserts here

Question 9

What is the purpose of the coronoid process

Answer 9

It forms part of trochlea notch

Question 10

What is the Ulna Tuberosity

Answer 10

Rough bone that the brachialis inserts to

Question 11

What structures form the distal radioulnar joint

Answer 11

Styloid process,

Ulnar notch

Question 12

What can a fracture of the olecranon result in

Answer 12

Part of the bone being pulled proximal due to triceps Brachii

Question 13

What are 2 classical fractures of both Ulna and radius

Answer 13

Monteggias Fracture,

Galeazzis Fracture

Question 14

What is the radial tuberosity

Answer 14

Bony projection that the Biceps Brachii attaches to

Question 15

What 3 structures form the wrist joint

Answer 15

Scaphoid,
lunate,
2 facets on distal radius

Question 16

What is the most common type of radial fracture

Answer 16

Collies’ fracture

Question 17

What happened in a Colles’ fracture

Answer 17

Fall on outstretched hand,
Distal radial fracture,
All structures more distal displaced posteriorly

Question 18

What is a smiths fracture

Answer 18

Fall on back of hand,
Distal radial fracture,
Hand and wrist displaced anteriorly

Question 19

what is ‘Tennis elbow’

Answer 19

Lateral Epicondylitis

Question 20

what is golfers elbow

Answer 20

Medial Epicondylitis

Question 21

what is the structure that holds the two forearm bones together

Answer 21

Interosseous membrane

Question 22

what is the purpose of the medial (Ulnar) collateral ligament

Answer 22

primary resistance to valgus stress

Question 23

what resists Varus stress at the elbow

Answer 23

Humeroulnar joint

Question 24

what is the purpose of the Annular Ligament

Answer 24

Resists subluxation of radial head

Question 25

what is it called when the orientation of the elbow is too close to the trunk

Answer 25

Cubitus Varus

Question 26

what is it called when the orientation of the elbow is too far from the trunk

Answer 26

Cubitus Valgus

Question 27

what is the usual carrying angle of an extended arm

Answer 27

10-15°

Question 28

what is the function of the Brachialis

Answer 28

primary flexor of elbow

Question 29

what function does the brachioradialis have

Answer 29

flexion, both rapid and slow

Question 30

when is the Biceps Brachii active

Answer 30

flexion with supinated or neutral forearm | during fast exercise

Question 31

what is the primary extensor of the elbow

Answer 31

Triceps Brachii (medial head especially)

Question 32

where does the Triceps Brachii insert

Answer 32

olecranon process

Question 33

what is the purpose of the Anconeus

Answer 33

initiates extension

Question 34

what is the function of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Answer 34

active in extension due to posterior origin placement

Question 35

what muscles cause Supination

Answer 35

Supinator and Biceps Brachii

Question 36

what muscles cause pronation

Answer 36

``` Pronator Quadratus (primary) Pronator Teres ```

Question 37

what is found in the Cubital fossa

Answer 37

Radial nerve, Biceps Brachii tendon, Brachial Artery, Median Nerve