Foreign Policy

Question 1

Who died in 1504?

Answer 1

Isobella of Castille

Question 2

What was the effect of kildare accepting loyalty to Henry in 1496?

Answer 2

By 1500 Henry achieved some form of piece

Question 3

Why did Henry support Brittany?

Answer 3

1) obligations to Bretons

2) Direct French control=potential threat to England

Question 4

When did the Pope grant the king of England “Lord of Ireland”

Answer 4

12th century

Question 5

What was the Treaty of Redon in February 1489?

Answer 5

Duchess Ann paid a small English amy to defend Brittany

-Henry sent 3,000 instead of 6,000

Question 6

Brittany was a fiefdom of French Crown, who ruled it?

Answer 6

Duke Francis 11

Question 7

What were the 2 main terms if Intercurcus Malus?

Answer 7

1) Trade deal gave merchants in the Netherlands a stronger position had it ever been enforced
2) Philip and Maximilian handed over the Earl of Suffolk

Question 8

What was the Treaty of Medina Del Campo 1489 with Spain? (3)

Answer 8

1) agreed not to harbour rebels or pretenders
2) Marriage between Arthur & Catherine
3) Mutual protection

Question 9

What was the name of the old alliance between Scotland and France?

Answer 9

‘Auld alliance’

Question 10

What are the name of the ports in the Netherlands where most of England’s exports went through?

Answer 10

• Antwerp

- Bruges

Question 11

In the Netherland ports of Antwerp and Bruges, who’s trade was this?

Answer 11

-Jurisdiction of Burgundy

Question 12

When was the Truce of Ayton

Answer 12

1497

Question 13

Who was the Truce of Ayton 1497 between?

Answer 13

England and Scotland

Question 14

Why did relations between England and Burgundy deteriorate?

Answer 14

-From the hospitality which Maximilian and Philip offered Warbeck

Question 15

Why did the embargo have a negative impact on Henrys popularity ?

Answer 15

Henry sacrificed commercial interests of London and east coast merchants
-this showed he was giving priority to dynastic interests

Question 16

How much was the French pension in 1492 compared to the actual invasion?

Answer 16

£159,000

£181,500

Question 17

when was the marriage of Arthur and Catherine ?

Answer 17

1501

Question 18

When was the Magnus Intercursus?

Answer 18

1496

Question 19

What was the Intercursus Magnus 1496?

Answer 19

a major commercial treaty which restored normal trading links between Burgundy and England and brought trade embargo to an end

Question 20

Why was there a Intercursus Magnus (1496)

Answer 20

Warbeck left Burgundy

Question 21

What were the 3 main factors of Henry v11 in foreign policy ?

Answer 21

• National security
• Recognition of dynasty
• Defence of English trade interests

Question 22

When was the Treaty of Perpetual Peace?

Answer 22

1502

Question 23

What consolidated the Treaty of Perpetual Peace 1502?

Answer 23

Henrys daughter Margret marriage to James 1V which secured the dynasty

Question 24

How long was Warbeck at Scottish court?

Answer 24

2 years

Question 25

While Warbeck was at Scottish Court for 2 years, who did he marry?

Answer 25

James 1V's cousin Lady Catherine Gordon

Question 26

Why was the Medina del Campo treaty of 1489 so important to Henrys dynasty?

Answer 26

This gave Henry recognition soon an international stage & provided valuable security from Ferdinand

Question 27

When was Poynings law?

Answer 27

1495

Question 28

What was the purpose of Poynings law? | 3

Answer 28

- secure dynasty in Ireland - Removal of potential Irish rebellion - All law had to be approved by the English Crown

Question 29

When was the Treaty of Windsor?

Answer 29

1506

Question 30

What were the propositions under the Treaty of Windsor? (4)

Answer 30

- Intercursus Malus - return of Earl of Suffolk - Henry Accepted Joanna & Philips claim to the throne - proposed marriage between himself and Philips sister

Question 31

What were the 2 main problems of Medina del Campo treaty?

Answer 31

Arthur died in 1502, 1 year after marriage | Dowry arguments

Question 32

Why was Henry taking Philips a mistake?

Answer 32

Philip died and Ferdinand became regent of Castille and so Catherine and Henrys marriage didn't happen and Henry lost a ally

Question 33

What was the extent to Henrys power in Ireland regarding territory ?

Answer 33

"Pale" land surrounding Dublin

Question 34

What did Henry do to regain authority in Ireland? | 2

Answer 34

- Made Prince Henry Lieutenant of Ireland | - Sure Edward Poynings as deputy

Question 35

Since 1477 who was the dominant figure in Ireland?

Answer 35

Lord Kildare

Question 36

How did Kildare support Lambert Simnels claim?

Answer 36

Crowned him king of Ireland in 1486

Question 37

How did Warbecks return to Ireland effect Poynings duty?

Answer 37

Caused besiege in town of Waterford forcing Kildare back in charge

Question 38

What were Henry's 3 main reasons for maintaining positive relations with foreign powers?

Answer 38

- national security - recognition of the Tudor dynasty - defence of English trading interests

Question 39

From what years did the hundred years war last?

Answer 39

1337-1453

Question 40

What year was the Treaty of Redon between England and Brittany?

Answer 40

1489

Question 41

What year was the Treaty of Medina del Campo between England and Spain?

Answer 41

1489

Question 42

When year does England invade France?

Answer 42

1492

Question 43

What year was the magnus intercursus?

Answer 43

1496

Question 44

What year do Prince Arthur and Catherine of Aragon marry?

Answer 44

1501

Question 45

What year is the Malus Intercursus?

Answer 45

1506

Question 46

What was Brittany?

Answer 46

a fiefdom of the French Crown which had enjoyed independence

Question 47

Who was the fief ruler of Brittany?

Answer 47

Duke Francis 11

Question 48

Who was Duchess Anne?

Answer 48

Duke Francis 11 (ruler of Brittany)'s daughter and only heir

Question 49

What was agreed under the Treaty of Redon in 1489 between England and Brittany?

Answer 49

that Duchess Anne would pay a small English Army to defend Brittany from the French threat

Question 50

How many states did the HRE consist of?

Answer 50

300

Question 51

Why did Maximilian,HRE, not want Brittany to be under French control?

Answer 51

as he was contracted a marriage-by-proxy with Duchess Anne, heir of Burgundy

Question 52

When was the title "Lord of Ireland" granted by the Pope to the King of England?

Answer 52

12th century

Question 53

Why did Duchess Anne of Burgundy marry Charles 111 of France?

Answer 53

as she feared the futility of prolonged resistance

Question 54

How was Henry V11's involvement in the Brittany crisis problematic? (3)

Answer 54

- anger by the French for support of Brittany - Maximilian lost interest after Anne married Charles - public discontent through the Yorkshire rebellion

Question 55

Why did Henry engage in a war with France in 1492 late in the campaign season?

Answer 55

as he had information from his agents that Charles wanted an invasion of Italy and so was more likely to accept to a peace settlement

Question 56

What did Charles 111 agree to in the Treaty of Etaples 1492? (2)

Answer 56

- that he would withdraw he support for Perkin Warbeck | - he would pay a pension to Henry to compensate him for the expense of having recruited an army of invasion

Question 57

What were the 2 foreign policy objectives which the trade embargo on trade with Burgundy caused conflict between ?

Answer 57

1) securing the dynasty | 2) encouraging trade

Question 58

Who's interests did Henry sacrifice when implementing the trade embargo?

Answer 58

-the commercial interests of London and east coast merchants

Question 59

When were Henry and Philip of Burgundy able to agree to the Intercursus Magnus in 1496?

Answer 59

after Warbeck left Burgundy

Question 60

After the death of Isabella, Queen of Castille what became Henry's central foreign policy agenda?

Answer 60

Anglo-Burgundian relations

Question 61

What was the intercursus Malus?

Answer 61

a trade agreement from 1506 which never became fully operative and the following year relations had been restored on the basis of Intercursus Magnus

Question 62

After the death of Arthur in 1502, why was Ferdinand reluctant to marry Catherine to Henry?

Answer 62

as a papal dispensation would need to be required at a price

Question 63

Why did Henry lose enthusiasm for the marriage between Catherine and Henry in 1504?

Answer 63

due to the death of Isabella which made Ferdinand a less significant political figure

Question 64

What happened when Juana (Isabella of Castilles sister) and Philip of Burgundy set sail for Spain in 1506?

Answer 64

They were forced to take refugee in England when their ship was wrecked at sea

Question 65

How did Henry take advantage of the situation between Philip and Ferdinand?

Answer 65

He proposed the Treaty of Windsor which secured a stronger relationship with Juana and Philip

Question 66

Who was Philip of Burgundys sister who Henry sought to marry under the Treaty of Windsor?

Answer 66

Archduchess Margaret

Question 67

Why was Henry left diplomatically isolated after the death of Philip of burgundy soon after the Treaty of Windsor?

Answer 67

as Ferdinand used the fact Juana had gone mad to become regent of Castile

Question 68

What did Ferdinand do to punish Henry V11 for supporting Juana and Philip?

Answer 68

He ensured that the marriage between Henry and Catherine would not take place under Henry V11's lifetime

Question 69

What year had King James 1V offered Warbeck hospitality for 2 years at Scottish court?

Answer 69

1495

Question 70

Who did James 1V marry to Warbeck?

Answer 70

his cousin, Lady Catherine Gordon

Question 71

What peace treaty sanctioned the marriage between James 1V and Henrys daughter Margret?

Answer 71

the Treaty of Perpetual Peace in 1502

Question 72

When did Kildare crown Lambert Simnel king of Ireland?

Answer 72

1486

Question 73

Who did Henry appoint as Lieutenant of Ireland?

Answer 73

his infant son Prince Henry

Question 74

What was Poynings law?

Answer 74

that the Irish Parliament could pass no law without prior approval of the English Crown

Question 75

Which town was besieged when Warbeck returned to Ireland in 1495?

Answer 75

Waterford

Question 76

Why did Henry have to depend on the cheap option of using Kildare as his deputy?

Answer 76

due to the threat of Scottish invasion and so was forced to recall Poynings

Question 77

What what year had Henry eventually secured peaceable relations with Ireland?

Answer 77

1500