Forelimb Flashcards
(21 cards)
What are the parent arteries?
Aorta
Brachiocephalic
What are the major arteries?
Subclavian Brachial Collateral ulnar Median Palmar metacarpal* Pallmar common digital*
Where are the arteries situated?
Medially
What nerves are in the forelimb?
Suprascapular Subscapular Axillary Musculocutaneous Radial Ulnar Median Thoracodorsal*
Where do the nerves of the forelimb make up?
The brachial plexus
Define brachial plexus?
An interchange of nerves, coming from the last cervical and first thoracic nerves, that are dispersed to different locations of the limb supplying different muscles.
What happens when the suprascapular nerve is damaged?
Muscle atrophy (supraspinatus) and lateral movement of shoulder joint
What muscle is supplied by the axillary nerve?
Deltoideus
What types of radial nerve damage is there?
Paralysis of the elbow
Paralysis of the carpal and digital extensors
Skin sensation loss
What is exhibited when the radial nerve is damaged?
Knuckled paws, elbow drops and dorsal surface of paw touching ground with loss of sensation.
Why does the elbow drop with radial nerve damage?
Because elbow flexors are unopposed
Why do paws knuckle when radial n. damage occurs?
Because distal flexors are unopposed
Describe what is seen with paralysis of the elbow extensors
Elbow drops, cannot be fixed, cannot bare weight on limb, useless for locomotion
Describe what is seen with paralysis of the carpal and digital extensors
Paw knuckles over so dorsum is touching ground
Describe what is seen with loss of skin sensation
Trauma
Where is the damage if an animal is exhibiting loss of skin sensation and paralysis of the carpus and digital extensors?
Distal radial nerve damage
Where is the damage if an animal is exhibiting loss of skin sensation only?
Below branches that supply the digital extensor muscles
What are the major veins of the forelimb?
Cephalic Accessory cephalic* Brachial Axillobrachial Median Cuboidal Dorsal pedal veins*
What vessel(s) are good for pulse taking in the forelimb?
Brachial and median
What vessel(s) are good for taking blood samples?
Jugular*
Cephalic (very small volumes)
What vessel(s) are good for IV admin?
Cephalic
