Forensic Ballistics Flashcards
(117 cards)
1
Q
is a loaded shell for any firearm such as revolver, pistol and rifles.
A
ammunition
2
Q
a complete unfired ammo consisting of bullet, shell, gunpowder and primer. Ammunition and cartridge can be used interchangeably.
A
cartridge
3
Q
He invented the 1st cartridge in 1635.
A
king gustavus adolphus
4
Q
He invented another cartridge in 1846.
A
benjamin hollier
5
Q
A French gunsmith. He invented the 1st pin fire cartridge and 1st pin fire gun.
- He was born in Bonnétable and died in Paris.
A
cassimir lefaucheux
6
Q
developed one of the earliest cartridges known as Flobert Cartridges, this became the forerunner of American Rim Fire Ammo.
A
Louis Nicolas A. Flobert
7
Q
external pin is used near the head of the cartridge.
A
pin-fire cartridge
8
Q
priming mixture is place around the rim.
A
rim-fire cartridge
9
Q
priming mixture is placed in the center of the head of cartridge.
A
center-fire cartridge
10
Q
needs mechanical blow against the percussion cap.
A
percussion
11
Q
cartridge is giving a muzzle velocity of less than 1850 ft/sec
A
low powder
12
Q
1925 to 2500 ft/sec
A
high powder
13
Q
Over 2500 ft/sec
A
high intensity
14
Q
Shotgun cartridge contains multiple rounded projectiles called
A
pellets/shots/balls
15
Q
A shotgun cartridge containing a single projectile of a shotgun ammo is called
A
sabot slug
16
Q
Needle-like projectiles inside a shotgun cartridge are called
A
flechette
17
Q
a plastic cap that holds the shots.
A
shot cup
18
Q
being bent inward to hold the shot in place
A
crimp
18
Q
comparable to shell/casing of ammunition of long/short arms. Prior to 1960, paper is used as casing for shotgun ammo
A
tube
19
Q
the thing that is being ignited that causes the tremendous pushing of bullet
A
gunpowder
20
Q
collective term for chemical priming compound, primer cup, anvil, and battery cup that is being struck to ignite the powder
A
primer
21
Q
a disk made of paper, used to hold the powder or shot
A
wad
22
Q
pure lead
A
drop/soft shot
23
Q
hardened by antimony
A
chilled/ hard shot
24
coated with cupronickel or 70% copper and 30% nickel or steel shot
plated shot
25
consists of lead balls
buckshot
26
single slug with angled grooves cut into its side to spin it. This refers to Sabot slug
slug
27
a cluster of sturdy steel needles with tiny fins at their base to stabilize them in flight
flechette
28
formed from powdered tungsten and iron, blended together and pressed into a pellet
tungsten-iron shot
29
This is the shelf life of a new cartridge. If components or parts used are commercially virgins. The life of an ammunition depends on the manner of storage.
20-40 years
30
the process of military storage of ammunition or arms. Done by making a concrete bunker with walls about a foot thick and then covered. Ammo may reach 40 years with no degradation
igloo
31
refers to the tubular casing or shell of an ammunition that holds the bullet and contains the gunpowder
cartridge case
32
the edge of shell’s opening
mouth
32
part of mouth that is turned in upon the bullet
crimp
33
are the serrated groves around the neck
shell cannelures
34
occupied by the bullet
neck
35
supports the neck
shoulder
36
contains gunpowder
body
36
the circular groove near the base of the shell designed for the automatic withdrawal of the case after firing
extracting groove
37
limits the forward travel of cartridges into the chamber
rim
38
located at central base that contains the priming mixture
primer
39
the base portion that contains the head stamp
shell head
40
is used secure the bullet in the shell to avoid being moved or loosened from its gripped
crimp
41
used in the cartridge with headspace on the cartridge case mouth with lead bullets.
taper crimp
41
used only on jacketed ammo that consists of dimples or grooves pressed into the mouth.
stab/ ring crimp
41
located at the neck that is rolled into the groove of the bullet
roll crimp
42
rim diameter is greater than the body (Cal .38 and Cal .22)
rimmed
42
rim diameter is SLIGHTLY greater than the body (Cal .25, Cal .32 auto, Cal .38 Super)
semi-rimmed
43
rim is equal with the body (Cal 5.56mm, Cal .30, 9mm, Cal .45)
rimless
44
rim is smaller than the body (Cal 8mm x 59)
rebated
44
a protruding metal is belted around the shell (Cal .338 magnum, 13.9 x 99
belted
45
found on the primer (particularly on the primer cup). Note: Glock Pistols have rectangular firing pin marks.
firing pin marks
46
found on the base of shell. Caused by the breech face.
breech face mark
46
found on the extracting groove
extractor marks
46
found on the body of shell. Caused by the magazine lips during loading
magazine marks
47
located at the rim at the base of shell fired from automatic FAs
ejector marks
47
found on the body of the shell. Caused by the irregularities inside the chamber
chamber marks
48
found on the side of the rim. Caused by the contact between the shell and ejection port of the FA (Pistol).
ejector port marks
48
found on the primer near the firing pin mark. It is just a rebound or duplication of firing pin mark
shearing marks
48
found on the base of rimmed type shell. Caused by Break Type Revolver during loading.
pivotal marks
49
study of the motion of the projectiles
ballistics
50
means “to throw
ballien/ballo
51
refers to the bullet/slug/ball/pellet/flechette that passes through the barrel of FA
projectile
52
is the science of firearms identification by means of the ammunition fired through them
forensic ballistics
53
as applied to ballistics or to any other subjects suggests a relationship to a court of justice and legal proceedings. Derived from the Latin word Forensis which means “Forum,” that means “a public/market place, wherein people gathered for discussion of a subject in issue
forensic
54
movement of projectile inside and outside barrel.
motion
55
– the forward movement of projectile with the action of expansive force of gases.
direct motion
56
the turning of bullet inside and outside barrel with the action of the rifling
rotary motion
57
the movement of projectile after hitting the target
translational
58
failure of cartridge to explode
misfire
59
- From Breech to the Muzzle of barrel
interior ballistics
60
is the delay of explosion
hangfire
61
created during manufacture such as spiral cutting of the grooves
irregularities
62
– not polished well
roughness
62
caused by tools used in the manufacture of the chamber
scratches
63
caused by the drill blade and is beyond the control of a man
imperfection
63
occurs when shell is separated from the bullet, the shell will be push back to the breech face leaving such marks
breech face marks
64
- that cause the target person to be thrown on the ground or falls down
knocking effect
64
refers to the fatal equivalent of a bullet
energy
65
is the rearward movement of the gun caused by equal and opposite reaction of the gun against the forward movement of the bullet after the explosion
recoil
66
in every action, there is corresponding opposite reaction
kinetic energy principle
66
gadget that is attached to the muzzle of the gun to reduce recoil
compensator/muzzle brake
67
is used to load the proper amount of gunpowder in every ammunition
ballistics data
68
the stability of the bullet within the effective range due to the twist of the rifling
gyroscopic stability
69
a lubricant substance used to prevent the adherence of Metal fowl
graphite
70
refers to the metal strips left by bullet inside. These could be removed with the use of steel brush
metal fowl
71
the energy generated at the muzzle
muzzle energy
72
from after leaving the muzzle to before immediately hitting the target
exterior ballistics
73
noise or sound created at the muzzle
muzzle blast
74
the actual curve path of the bullet
trajectory
74
distance at which the bullet is expected to be lethal
effective/ accurate range
75
between muzzle and target
range
76
maximum distance a projectile can reach
maximum range
77
rate of the speed of the bullet (feet per second)
velocity
77
the capacity of the bullet to resist air during its flight from the muzzle of the gun
air resistance
78
the dragging of the bullet downward due to air resistance
aerodynamic drag
79
the deceleration of bullet on flight due to gravityballistics
ballistic pendulum
80
allows a body at rest to remain at rest or body in motion to remain in motion
inertia
81
caused by yawing of bullet resulting to hitting of target sideways resulting to oval-like entry of bullet
keyhole shot
81
the unstable movement of bullet on flight such as wobbling (Tail wag) or tumbling of bullet before hitting target
yawing
82
the downward movement of the bullet after reaching its maximum range
pull of gravity
83
– the entry of the bullet in the target
penetration
84
the bouncing of a projectile after hitting a surface
ricochet
85
the study of effects/impact of projectile to the target
terminal ballistics
85
size of the bullet grouping on the target
terminal accuracy
85
energy of the projectile upon striking the target.
terminal energy
86
depth of the bullet penetration on the target
terminal penetration
87
speed of the bullet inside the target.
terminal velocity
87
science of FA identification by means of the ammunition fired through them
forensic ballistics
87
the presentation of the “Ballistics Report” on firearms, bullet, shells and allied exhibits in court
legal proceedings
88
discharge single but usually multiple shots/pellets in single fire
shotgun
88
focused with the study of shots/pellets from smoothbore firearms like shotguns and muskets
shot ballistics
89
appears with smudges of gunpowder with cherry-red discoloration
muzzle imprint
89
is another smoothbore firearm that discharges single ball in one firing
musket
90
can be found at a distance of 5-8 yards
shot wads
90
with the use of shotgun appear externally with a circular defect approximating the bore of the weapon used
contact wounds
91
the actual curve path of the bullet
trajectory
