forensics skills test

Question 1

What does the term forensic refer to?

Answer 1

‘legal’ relating courts of law

Question 2

What is the time frame for something to be deemed
forensically relevant?

Answer 2

70 years

Question 3

What does PPE stand for?

Answer 3

Protective personal equiptment

Question 4

What are the four types of investigations that forensic
archaeologists become involved with?

Answer 4

mass disaster investigations

criminal investigations

civil investigations

homicide

Re-excavation of cold cases

Question 5

Why are forensic archaeologists increasingly integrated
into crime scene investigations?

Answer 5

a defence barrister may call upon a forensic archaeologist to testify that unspecialised investigators collected methodologies dismissed from the court proceedings.

Question 6

From what country does the discipline of forensic
archaeology originate?

Answer 6

united states

Question 7

What does POLSA stand for?

Answer 7

police search advisor

Question 8

What are the 7 stages of a forensic archaeological
investigation?

Answer 8

-search and location
- excavation
- recording
-recovery
-interpratation
-courts

Question 9

Once human remains have been uncovered who must
be contacted?

Answer 9

coroner

Question 10

List four recording methods used in forensic
archaeological investigations.

Answer 10

pictures
note taking
context sheets
evidence log

Question 11

Typically, how many bones are there in an adult human
skeleton?

Answer 11

206

Question 12

How many cervical vertebrae are there in the human
body?

Answer 12

7

Question 13

What is the scientific term for a cheekbone?zygomatic

Answer 13

zygomatic

Question 14

In what field was the concept of stratigraphy first
recognised and defined?

Answer 14

geology

Question 15

What are the three different soil horizons referred to as?

Answer 15

a, b and c

Question 16

Define the term context/stratigraphic unit

Answer 16

is the smallest identifiable unit of stratification and represents an individual action/event in the past.

Question 17

Give an example of an interface

Answer 17

cut

Question 18

Define the principle of correlation

Answer 18

relationships can be inferred bewteen layers, fills etc and exhibit the same characteristics and same rage of artefactual and comparable stratigraphic positions with related stratigraphic consequences

Question 19

Define the term stratigraphic relationship.

Answer 19

refers to the relationship that one context has with another within the stratigraphic sequence.

Question 20

Define the term terminus ante quem. (

Answer 20

the latest possible date for something to have taken place

Question 21

An earring is recovered whilst sieving, was it found in situ
or out of situ?

Answer 21

out of situ

Question 22

Name two deposition site types

Answer 22

• surface burial deposition site
• primary burial deposition site
• disturbed burial site
• secondary burial site

Question 23

Name three sources of information for forensic
investigations

Answer 23

soil samples
personal items/evidence
docmentation

Question 24

Explain what the term ‘quick dump’ refers to?

Answer 24

body being deposited on the surface no burying due to perpetrator having no personal links to scene

Question 25

Name two types of search area.

Answer 25

open obstructed submerged

Question 26

Name two pedestrian search patterns.

Answer 26

spiral search pattern grid search pattern

Question 27

List two surface indicators that may indicate the presence of a grave and explain why they occur.

Answer 27

depressions plant growth scattered soil

Question 28

What does GPR stand for?

Answer 28

ground penertrating radar

Question 29

What is an evaluative test pit and why is one dug during a forensic investigation?

Answer 29

Allows one to detect disturbances to the natural undisturbed stratigraphy of the search area

Question 30

How should currency be processed?

Answer 30

air dried placed in a plastic/clar sealed bag

Question 31

Which three excavation methods should be used when conducting forensic archaeological investigations?

Answer 31

demirant method a and b stratigraphi excavation mehtod vertical slice

Question 32

Define taphonomy

Answer 32

The study or process that affect decomposition, dispersal, erosion, burial and re-exposure of organisms before, during and after death.

Question 33

List the formula used to calculate time since death.

Answer 33

normal body temprature - measured body temperature divided by 1.5= number of hours since death

Question 34

What’s the third stage of decomposition?

Answer 34

black putrifcation

Question 35

What is livor mortis?

Answer 35

blood settlment

Question 36

What does the term etching describe, when used in relation to skeletal remains?

Answer 36

shallow grooving on bones surface

Question 37

What does the term bioturbation refer to?

Answer 37

the movement of soil by fauna or plant roots

Question 38

What data should be included on a site plan?

Answer 38

date scale North title location

Question 39

What are the three different terms used to describe the colour of a deposit?

Answer 39

hue, colour and modifier

Question 40

Approximately how many individuals are believed to have lost their lives during the Argentine “Dirty War”?

Answer 40

9,000-30,000

Question 41

The genocide in Rwanda occurred between which tribal groups?

Answer 41

hutu's and tutsi's

Question 42

What did the London Agreement result in?

Answer 42

establishment of the military tribunal and officials associated with the Nazi party being prosecuted then during these trials that the offence of crimes against humanity was established

Question 43

Name two categories of human rights abuses.

Answer 43

genocide,crimes against humanity, war crimes, crimes of aggression

Question 44

◦ In what year did the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda start?

Answer 44

1994

Question 45

What does ICC stand for?

Answer 45

international criminal court

Question 46

What is the difference between a criminal and a humanitarian international investigation into human rights abuses?

Question 47

Name the three tiers of emergency management in UK disaster response.

Answer 47

bronze - operational silver - tactical gold -strategic