Formation of Ions Flashcards
What are the ions?
Ions are charged particle - they can be single atoms or group of atoms.
When are ions made?
Ions are made when electrons are transferred.
What are atoms trying to do when they lose or gain electrons?
When atoms lose o gain electrons to form ions, all they are trying to do is get a full outer shell like a noble gas (also called “stable electronic structure”). Atoms with full outer shell are very stable.
What happens when metal form ions?
When metals form ions, they lose electrons from their outer shell to form positive ions.
What happens when non-metals form ions?
When non-metals form ions, they gain electrons into their outer shell to form negative ions.
What are the number of electrons lost or gained? Give an example.
The number of electrons lost or gained is the same as the charge on the ion. E.g. If 2 electrons are lost the charge is 2+. If 3 electrons are gained the charge is 3-.
What groups in the periodic table are most likely to form ions? Explain why.
Groups 1 & 2 and 6 & 7 are the most likely to form ions.
The group 1 and 2 elements are metal and they lose electrons to form positive ions (cations).
Group 6 and 7 elements are non-metals. They gain electrons to form negative ions (anions).
What does form ions with the same charge means?
Elements in the same group all have the same number of outer electrons. So they have to lose or gain the same number to get a full outer shell.
Describe the ions that the different groups form at the periodic table.
Group 1 elements: form 1+ ions.
Group 2 elements: form 2+ ions.
Group 6 elements: form 2- ions.
Group 7 elements: form 1- ions.
