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Blackhands Course > Formative 5 > Flashcards

Formative 5 Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

Define Fuze

A

A fuze is a device designed to function an item of ammunition under pre-determined circumstances

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2
Q

Fuzes are classified according to what 3 categories

A

Filling, Function, Position

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3
Q

Fuzes Classified by function have what 3 types

A

Time, Impact, Proximity

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4
Q

Impact Fuzes are divided into which 3 categories

A

Superquick, Grave and Delay/Non Delay

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5
Q

What does VT stand for

A

Variable Time

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6
Q

What does PIBD stand for

A

Point Initiating Base Detonating

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7
Q

What does MTSQ stand for

A

Mechanical Time Superquick

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8
Q

What are the forces that act upon fuzes

A

Set Back, Creep Forward, Set Forward and Centrifugal Forces

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9
Q

Define Set Back

A

The acceleration that occurs suddenly and violently on firing

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10
Q

Define Centrifugal Forces

A

Rotational forces in flight which builds rapidly on firing and decays slowly

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11
Q

Define Creep Forward

A

Deceleration at the change over point that builds gradually

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12
Q

Define Armed

A

A fuze is armed once all of the safety constraints have been removed from the fuze

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13
Q

What are the 4 methods of function for mines/ mechanical fuzes

A

Pull, pressure, Tension Release, Pressure Release

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14
Q

Name 5 firing devices

A

Striker, Anvil, Hammer, Striker Spring, Inertia Pellet, Firing Pin/Needle, Firing Pin Spring, Plunger

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15
Q

What are the Holding, Locking and Safety Devices

A

Shear wire, Striker Pin, Spring Disc, Stirrup Spring and ferrule, Bore riding pin, Safety Pin, Cotter and Pull Pins

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16
Q

Name the 2 types of Masking Devices

A

Non Delay Arming/ Masking Shutter and Slides, Delayed Arming Shutter

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17
Q

What are the advantages of electronics in fuzes

A

Lower costs, Multi Role Function, Versatility in arming, Mechanical preparation or initiation

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18
Q

Define a Proximity Fuze

A

They are automatic time fuze, with or without PD element, that are designed to function a projectile once a target comes within a optimum lethal distance

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19
Q

How dose a Proximity fuze work

A

On firing the fuze arms and energises the electrical systems. An electric igniter is short circuited to 3-5 seconds. Transmitter radiates radio waves, receiver collect reflected waves which interfere with the radiated waves. A beta known as the Doppler Effect activates the fuze at a predetermined strength.

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20
Q

What results can be expected from a Proximity Fuze when dropped from 1m or more

A

Could lead to rounds not functioning after firing and becoming UXO’s

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21
Q

Explain Doppler Effect

A

Nearing a target waves are reflected and picked up by the receiver. Reflected waves interfere with the radiated waves to give a beat known as the Doppler Effect.

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22
Q

What are the 3 types of Time Fuzes

A

Mechanical, Electrical, Combustion

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23
Q

What is the main design function of time fuzes

A

Designed to function after a predetermined time whilst in flight

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24
Q

What the 4 types of mechanisms found in a Mechanical Time Fuzes

A

Thiel, Junghans, Tavaro, DIXI

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25
Name the types of Impact Fuzes actions
Graze, Delay, Non Delay, Superquick
26
Name the Impact Fuzes categories
PD, BD, PIBD
27
What are the 2 types of sea contact Fuzes
Switch Horn, Antenna Systems
28
What are 3 main types of sea influence fuzes
Seismac, Acoustic, Magnetic
29
What 3 land base systems
Anti Tank, Anti personnel, Sub Munitions
30
When is a fuze armed
When all the safety constraints are removed in the fuze
31
There are 2 types of Masking Devices. What are they
Non delay arming or masking shutters and slides, Delayed arming shutter
32
Other Fuze components
Pellets, Detonators, Magazine or Booster, Channel, Protective Cover/Cap, Delay Systems
33
What is a hold opening devise
Locks other components in a safe position until arming is required; to unlock them when arming is required; and possibly to relock them in the armed position
34
What are the goals of internal ballistics
Launch the projectile safely, Launch the projectile uniformly, Achieve constant muzzle velocity
35
Define Piobert's Law
The surface of a propellant recedes layer by layer as it burns in a direction normal to the surface. Their surface burns in parallel layers
36
What happens to the rate of burning of propellant if pressure is increased
The rate of burning increases
37
How can the round to round regularity of muzzle velocity be improved
If the All Burnt point occurs while the shell is still well back in the bore
38
What is the effect of an increase in charge weight on pressure
Pressure Increases
39
What is the effect of an increase in charge weight on All Burnt Point
APB moves back
40
What is the effect of an increase in charge weight on Muzzle Velocity
Increases
41
For the same weight of charge, what is the effect of increasing the propellant size
Rate of burning is less. Pressure does not build as quickly and APB moves forward. Muzzle velocity decreases and therefore range and regularity of 'Fall of Shot' decreases
42
What is the effect of using a Multi-Tubular propellant on internal ballistics
Peak pressure is decreased however the projectile still receives good energy levels
43
What are the 6 areas of distribution of energy when the gun is fired
Projectile, Heat in the gases, Gun recoil, Heat in the gun, Unburnt charge and gases, Engraving of driving band/Bore friction
44
What is the effect on internal ballistics of using a projectile of normal weight but shorter and a larger diameter
Same muzzle velocity but less pressure compared with standard shot
45
What are the requirements of a Fuze
Safety and Reliability
46
Define a Booster
A booster amplifies the detonation wave from a fuze to a larger charge such as a HE main fill
47
Define intermediate ballistics
The study of the transition from internal to external ballistics
48
What are 3 methods which can be used to suppress flash
Conical Tube, Slotted Tube, Bar Type
49
How do most flash suppression devices reduce flash
Break up the barrel shock, Mach Disc
50
What 2 elements make up bottle shock
Barrel Shock and Mach Disc
51
What are 3 main ways to minimise muzzle flash
Muzzle Devices, Choice of Propellant, Propellant Additives
52
What can you use to reduce blast in small calibre weapons
Silencers
53
What are the 5 different types of flash
Pre-Flash, Primary-Flash, Muzzle Glow, Intermediate Flash, Secondary Flash
54
For a projectile fired in Vacuo, what angle of projection gives you maximum range
45 degrees
55
What is meant by base drag acting on a projectile in flight
A turbulent, low pressure region immediately behind the base of the projectile in flight
56
What are the 4 types of drag
Forebody Drag, Skin Friction, Excrescence Drag, Base Drag
57
What are 2 methods reduce base drag
Boat Tail, Base Bleed
58
What is meant by ballistic Co-efficient
A scientific measure of a projectile's carrying ability
59
What are 2 major aerodynamic forces acting on the projectile, depending on yaw
Crosswind, Drag
60
What are the 2 common means of Stabilisation
Fin, Spin
61
Define Trajectory
The path taken by the Centre of Gravity of a projectile
62
Name 2 effects of muzzle gas on a projectile
Slight acceleration and Yaw

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