Formative and Others

Question 1

In what condition is HbS seen?

Answer 1

Sickle cell anaemia

Question 2

In what condition is HbA2 seen?

Answer 2

Beta thalassamia

Question 3

In what condition would you see polychromasia and red cells with a loss of central pallor?

Answer 3

Hereditary spherocytosis

Question 4

What is the treatment for autoimmune haemolytic anaemia?

Answer 4

Steroids

Question 5

How would you investigate a possible beta or alpha that trait?

Answer 5

Haemoglobin analysis

Question 6

What gene should be investigated in suspected polycythaemia rub vera?

Answer 6

Jak 2

Question 7

What does an excess of blasts suggest and how would you investigate?

Answer 7

Acute leukaemia

Immunophenotyping

Question 8

What does rituximab act on?

Answer 8

CD20 in B cell lymphoma

Question 9

How does imantinib work?

Answer 9

Tyrosine kinase inhbitor

Question 10

How does aspirin work?

Answer 10

Inactivates cyclooxygenase

Question 11

In what condition would you see macroovalocytes and hypersegmented neutrophils?

Answer 11

Pernicious anaemia

Question 12

In what condition are auer rods seen?

Answer 12

Acute myeloid leukaemia

Question 13

In what condition would you see excess and abnormal platelets?

Answer 13

Essential thrombocythaemia

Question 14

In what condition are bence jones proteins seen?

Answer 14

Multiple myeloma

Question 15

What do monocytes look like?

Answer 15

Horse shoe shaped nucleus - grey cytoplasm with vacuoles

Question 16

What pathway is affected in prolonged APPT and PT times?

Answer 16

APPT - intrinsic pathway

PT - extrinsic - VII

Question 17

What billiard condition does chronic haemolysis predispose you to?

Answer 17

Gall stones

Question 18

How is hereditary spherocytosis inherited?

Answer 18

Autosomal dominant

Question 19

What genes are translocated in follicular lymphoma and what gene does this move?

Answer 19

14:18

Bcl-2

Question 20

What genes are translocated in burkitt’s lymphoma and what gene does this move?

Answer 20

8:14

c-myc

Question 21

What virus is associated with burrkit’s lymphoma?

Answer 21

EBV

Question 22

How often should B12 injections be given in pernicious anaemia?

Answer 22

3x per week for 2 weeks
Monthly for 3 months
Every 3 months

Question 23

What is the lifespan of sick RBC’s?

Answer 23

10-20 days

Question 24

What virus may cause aplastic crisis in sickle cell?

Answer 24

Parvovirus B19

Question 25

What does hydroxyurea do in sick cells disease?

Answer 25

Increases concentration of HbF

Question 26

What is the target warfarin INR?

Answer 26

2-2.5

Question 27

When should you aim for a higher warfarin target?

Answer 27

In recurrent thrombosis and prosthetic valves

Question 28

What are the 3 features of plummer vinson syndrome?

Answer 28

Oesophageal webs Glossitis Iron deficiency anaemia

Question 29

What antibodies are present in idiopathic thrombocytopenia?

Answer 29

Anti platelet antibodies

Question 30

PT, APTT and platlets in warfarin therapy?

Answer 30

PT - prolonged APTT - normal Platelets - normal

Question 31

PT, APTT and platlets in DIC?

Answer 31

PT - prolonged APTT - prolonged Platelets - decreased

Question 32

PT, APTT and platlets in Thrombocytopenia?

Answer 32

PT - normal APTT - normal Platelets - decreased

Question 33

PT, APTT and platlets in haemophilia?

Answer 33

PT - normal APTT - prolonged Platelets - normal

Question 34

PT, APTT and platlets in von Willebrand?

Answer 34

PT - normal APTT - prolonged Platelets - normal

Question 35

What is the commonest cause of macrocytosis?

Answer 35

Alcohol

Question 36

What are the two most common causes of iron deficiency?

Answer 36

Menstrual bleeding | GI bleeding

Question 37

How long after an acute bleed does reticulocytosis take to appear?

Answer 37

1-2 days

Question 38

What causes febrile non haemolytic transfusion reactions?

Answer 38

White cell antibodies | Hypersensitivity to donor plasma proteins

Question 39

What mode if inheritance is G6PD deficiency?

Answer 39

X linked recessive

Question 40

What is the characteristic blood film appearance in G6PD deficiency?

Answer 40

Heinz bodies

Question 41

How might a patient with G6PD present in childhood?

Answer 41

Neonatal jaundice

Question 42

What is the most common type of hodgkins lymphoma?

Answer 42

Nodular sclerosing

Question 43

Name 3 B symptoms of lymphoma?

Answer 43

Weight loss Fever Night sweats

Question 44

In what condition is basophilic stippling seen?

Answer 44

Lead poisoning