Formative Assessment Flashcards
(20 cards)
The heart is supplied by….
The left and right coronary arteries
Blood flow to the myocardium occurs mainly during….
during diastole
The left coronary artery divides into…
The left anterior descending artery and the circumflex artery
Compared to other veins, the oxygen saturation in coronary venous blood is very low, this is because…
Oxygen extraction by the heart muscle is very high
The right coronary artery supplies…
the inferior surface of the heart
What organ is responsible for synthesising coagulation factors and fibrinogen?
Liver
What is the precursor to the enzymes that lyses clots?
Plasminogen (precursor to plasmin)
What are the constituents of the coagulation cascade (general)?
A series of proteolytic enzymes that circulate in plasma in an inactive form and generate thrombin when activated
What cleaves fibrinogen to create fibrin?
Thrombin
What are released upon cell activation and contain a high concentration of a molecule that acts as an agonist at the platelet P2Y12 receptor?
Platelet dense granules
What is responsible for the apex beat normally palpated in the left 5th intercostal space and midclavicular line?
The left ventricle
What prevents the backflow of blood into the left atrium during ventricular systole?
Mitral valve
What carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart?
Pulmonary vein
What maintains the systemic diastolic blood pressure by preventing backflow of blood into the heart during diastole?
Aortic valve
What carries deoxygenated blood back to the right atrium?
The superior and inferior vena cava(s) and the coronary sinus
What part of an ECG trace represents ventricular repolarisation?
T wave
What part of an ECG trace may be abnormally elevated during acute injury/infarction of a substantial myocardial territory?
The ST segment
What part of an ECG trace represents atrial depolarisation?
P wave
What part of an ECG trace represents ventricular depolarisation?
QRS complex
What is the normal duration of the PR interval?
120-200 milliseconds (= 0.12 to 0.2 seconds)
