Formula Flashcards

1
Q

Real GDP

A

(Nominal GDP / Price Index) × 100

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2
Q

Real GDP per Capita

A

(((Nominal GDP / Price Index) × 100) / Population) × 100

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3
Q

Index Number

A

(Raw Number / Base Year Raw Number) × 100

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4
Q

Weighted Price Index

A
  1. Convert Prices into Index Form
  2. Multiply Index Numbers by Weight
  3. Add up all Weighted Prices
  4. Divide by Total Number of Weights
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5
Q

Bond Yield

A

Yield = Coupon / Market Price × 100

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6
Q

Total Cost

A

Total Fixed Cost + Total Variable Cost
OR
Average Cost × Quantity

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7
Q

Total Fixed Cost

A

Total Cost - Total Variable Cost
OR
Average Fixed Cost × Quantity

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8
Q

Total Variable Cost

A

Total Cost - Total Fixed Cost
OR
Average Variable Cost × Quantity

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9
Q

Average Cost

A

Total Cost / Quantity
OR
Average Fixed Cost + Average Variable Cost

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10
Q

Marginal Cost

A

Change in Total Cost / Change in Quantity

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11
Q

Average Product

A

Total Product / Quantity of Labour

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12
Q

Marginal Product

A

Change in Total Product / Change in Quantity of Labour

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13
Q

Total Revenue

A

Price × Quantity

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14
Q

Average Revenue

A

Total Revenue / Quantity = Price

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15
Q

Marginal Revenue

A

Change in Total Revenue / Change in Quantity

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16
Q

Profit

A

Total Revenue - Total Cost

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17
Q

Supernormal Profit

A

Average Revenue > Average Cost

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18
Q

Subnormal Profit

A

Average Revenue < Average Cost

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19
Q

Profit Max

A

Marginal Revenue = Marginal Cost

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20
Q

Revenue Max

A

Marginal Revenue = 0

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21
Q

Average Cost = Average Revenue

A

Normal Profit
Sales Max
Breakeven
Entry Limit Price

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22
Q

Allocative Efficiency

A

Demand = Supply
Marginal Social Benefit = Marginal Social Cost
Price = Marginal Cost

23
Q

Productive Efficiency

A

Minimum point on Average Cost

Average Cost = Marginal Cost

24
Q

X Efficiency

A

At any point on Average Cost

25
Dynamic Efficiency
Long Run Supernormal Profit
26
Minimum Efficient Scale
At the lowest quantity level when Average Cost stops decreasing
27
Shutdown Condition
Average Revenue = Average Variable Cost | Average Revenue < Average Variable Cost
28
Average Utility
Total Utility / Quantity
29
Marginal Utility
Change in Total Utility / Change in Quantity
30
Utility Max
Marginal Utility = 0
31
Social Cost
Private Cost + External Cost
32
Social Benefit
Private Benefit + External Benefit
33
Profit Max (Labour Market)
Marginal Revenue Product = Marginal Cost of Labour
34
Price Elasticity of Demand
% Change in Quantity Demanded / % Change in Price
35
Price Elasticity of Supply
% Change in Quantity Supplied / % Change in Price
36
Cross Elasticity of Demand
% Change in Quantity Demand of Good X / % Change in Price of Good Y
37
Income Elasticity of Demand
% Change in Quantity Demanded / % Change in Income
38
GDP
Value of all Goods and Services produced in an economy in a year Sum of all Factor Incomes Aggregate Demand: C + I + G + (X - M)
39
Nominal GDP
Quantity × Current Prices
40
GDP Deflator
(Nominal GDP / Real GDP) × 100
41
GNI
GDP + Net Factor Income
42
Green GDP
GDP - Environmental Costs
43
Aggregate Demand
C + I + G + (X - M)
44
Multiplier
1 / 1 - Marginal Propensity to Consume | 1 / Marginal Propensity to Withdraw
45
Marginal Propensity to Withdraw
Marginal Propensity to Save + Marginal Propensity to Import + Marginal Propensity to Tax
46
Unemployment Rate
Unemployed / Labour Force
47
% Change
(Difference / Original) × 100
48
Marshall-Lerner Condition
PED(Exports) + PED(Imports) > 1
49
Terms of Trade
(Average Index Price of Exports / Average Index Price of Imports) × 100
50
Taxable Income
Total Income - Tax Free Allowance
51
Constant Returns to Scale
% Change in Output = % Change in Input
52
Increasing Returns to Scale
% Change in Output > % Change in Input
53
Decreasing Returns to Scale
% Change in Output < % Change in Input