Foundations Of Assessments

Question 1

basic assessment methods

Answer 1

standardized assessments
authentic assessments

Question 2

types of standard assessments

Answer 2

norm-referenced
criterion referenced

Question 3

norm-referenced

Answer 3

compare and rank test takers in relation to others
comparison of individual scores to large group by age, gender or disorder

Question 4

criterion referenced

Answer 4

compare to individual performance to predetermine criteria or performance standards
comparison can be of expected stages of development, level knowledge, mastery of information

Question 5

norm referenced assessment methods

Answer 5

must be administered exactly
do practice items
keep same wording
repeat only if permitted
do not teach the test
can’t use materials in therapy
shouldn’t be re-administered within same year
identify basals and ceilings

Question 6

basals

Answer 6

number of correct responses required to determine starting point

Question 7

ceilings

Answer 7

number of error responses required to determine stopping point

Question 8

norm referenced advantages

Answer 8

objective
efficient administration
common ground
less clinical experience
insurance and school prefer

Question 9

norm referenced disadvantages

Answer 9

no individualization
not real life
isolated skills
must be administered as specified in manual

Question 9

criterion referenced test advantages

Answer 9

objective
efficient administration
widely recognized
insurance/school
non-standardized some ability to individualize

Question 10

criterion referenced disadvantages

Answer 10

not real life
evaluates isolated skills
standardized no individualization
be administered exactly as instructed

Question 11

strategies/approaches

Answer 11

systemic observation
real life simulation
language sampling
structured symbolic play
short answer and extended response
self assessment

Question 12

authentic assessment advantages

Answer 12

real world
greater client participation
individualization: culturally
flexibility

Question 13

authentic assessment disadvantages

Answer 13

may lack objectivity
not standardized
requires high level of clinical observation
may be impractical

Question 14

authentic assessment approach

Answer 14

analog tasks observations
naturalistic observations
systemic observations

Question 15

analog tasks observations

Answer 15

stimulated or staged real-world events

Question 16

naturalistic observations

Answer 16

everyday setting

Question 17

systemic observation

Answer 17

planned observation of specific skills

Question 18

authentic assessment

Answer 18

speech sampling
language sampling
dynamic assessment

Question 19

speech sampling

Answer 19

error patterns in context

Question 20

language sampling

Answer 20

mean length of utterance (MLU)
type toke ration (TTR)
dynamic sentence (DSS)

Question 21

dynamic assessment

Answer 21

test skill
teach skill
re-test skill

Question 22

face validity

Answer 22

does test measures what it says it does

Question 23

content validity

Answer 23

the items on the test measure what they intended to measure.
what is the level of completeness

Question 24

construct validity

Answer 24

what is the tests ability to measure between assessed skills and other known constructs such as age sex or iq

Question 25

predictive validity

Answer 25

what is the ability of the test to predict future performance or ability

Question 26

alternate form reliability

Answer 26

is there consistency between two forms for the same test

Question 27

test retest reliability

Answer 27

consistency of results of a test administered on two occasions intratester intertester

Question 28

intratester

Answer 28

consistent scores with same person at two different times

Question 29

intertester

Answer 29

consistent scores with different tester

Question 30

split half

Answer 30

consistency of difficulty across test items for tests not designed to progressively get more difficult

Question 31

mean

Answer 31

average of scores

Question 32

median

Answer 32

middle

Question 33

mode

Answer 33

most frequent

Question 34

standard deviation

Answer 34

normal distribution 68% within one 95% within two 98% within three

Question 35

z-score

Answer 35

standard score number of deviations from mean

Question 36

norm referenced test scores

Answer 36

raw scores standards scores scaled scores percentiles age/grade equivalent stanines

Question 37

standard scores

Answer 37

normative data describes how far above or below the mean 100 = mean

Question 38

scaled scores

Answer 38

normative data, can be compared 10 = mean describes how far above or below the mean an individual score

Question 39

stanines

Answer 39

can be compared stanine - 9 unit scale 5 = average 4,5,6 7,8,9 = above average 1,2,3 = below average

Question 40

percentiles

Answer 40

statistically derived from raw scores average is between 25th and 75th at or below 10th is often used to identify special needs

Question 41

percentile disadvantages

Answer 41

ordinal rank cannot be used to compare gains or losses

Question 42

age or grade equivalent

Answer 42

indicate that student has attained the same median score but not necessarily the same skills as an average student of that age or grade