Foundations: Theories, Paradigms, science/ Psychoanalytic/ Multi perspective

Question 1

what are theories

Answer 1

they embrace evidence AND make novel predictions.
Surplus meaning: represents the world to account for existing observations but also goes beyond direct experience

Question 2

what is a paradigm

Answer 2

a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns.

Question 3

what is a paradigm experiment?

Answer 3

used to test competing theories to produce results consistent with one theory but not another.

Question 4

paradigms and theories in the natural science versus the social science

Answer 4

Natural science: multiple competing theories for phenomena are tested using paradigm experiments to disprove theories.
Social science: new paradigms exist along side old ones, they don’t overturn each other. paradigm experiments usually not possible.
The “when”, “who” and reactions to theories are important.

Question 5

how and why did the psychoanalytic perspective rise to prominence?

Answer 5

development of psychoanalytic perspective depended on freud.
It had great importance because it came first.

Question 6

even though its so old/ outdated, why do we still talk about the psychoanalytic perspective ?

Answer 6

in the natural sciences, paradigms exist along side each other, they are not disproven. psychoanalytic perspective used to contrast with or branch from it new theories.

Question 7

Of the multiple perspective of personality, name the two most fundamental underpinnings

Answer 7

Temperament: from the biological perspective
Character: from the psychodynamic perspective.