Fractures

Question 1

Bankarts fracture

Answer 1

Anterior glenoid fracture associated with anterior shoulder dislocation

Question 2

Barton’s fracture

Answer 2

Distal radius

Involves articular surface with dislocation of radio carpal joint

Question 3

Boxers fracture

Answer 3

5th metacarpal neck

Question 4

Chauffeurs fracture

Answer 4

Intra-articular fracture of radial styloid

Question 5

Colles fracture

Answer 5

Distal radius with dorsal angulation and impaction with radial drift

Question 6

Essex-lopresti fracture

Answer 6

Comminuted radial head fracture

With interosseous membrane disruption and distal radio-ulnar subluxation

Question 7

Galeazzi fracture

Answer 7

Radius shaft dislocation of distal radio-ulnar joint

Question 8

Bennetts fracture

Answer 8

Intra-articular 1st metacarpal

Accompanied by subluxation it dislocation of Cmc joint

Question 9

Smiths fracture

Answer 9

Distal radius with VOLAR displacement

Question 10

Salter Harris fracture

Answer 10

Fracture involving growth plate

Question 11

Rolando fracture

Answer 11

Extra articular fracture of first metacarpal base

Question 12

Moores fracture

Answer 12

Distal radius fracture with ulnar dislocation and entrapment of styloid process under annular ligament

Question 13

Monteggia fracture

Answer 13

Proximal ulna fracture with dislocation of radial head

Question 14

Hume fracture

Answer 14

Olecranon fracture with anterior dislocation of radial head

Question 15

Holstein-Lewis fracture

Answer 15

1/3 distal humerus fracture with entrapment of radial nerve

Question 16

Hill-Sachs fracture

Answer 16

Impacted posterior humeral head occurring DURING anterior shoulder fracture

Question 17

Sling immobilization after proximal humeral fractures

• one or two part break
• complex breaks

Answer 17

1-3 weeks then Passive movements

4-6 weeks unless has TSA

Question 18

Bone healing phases

Answer 18

Inflammatory, repair, remodeling

Question 19

Primary versus secondary healing

Answer 19

Primary occurs by stabilization of bone fragments thereby eliminating the callus formation
Secondary healing occurs in the body- by the three stages

Question 20

Most common wrist fracture

Answer 20

Colles - dorsal displacement

Usually heals with cast

Question 21

Colles occurs most in which population

Answer 21

Post menopausal women with osteoporosis

Question 22

Smiths is usually stable or unstable?

Answer 22

Unstable requiring internal fixation

Question 23

Salter Harris grades 3-5

Answer 23

Indicates fracture involves growth plate and epiphysis (ossification center)

Question 24

Salter Harris grade 2

Answer 24

Involves growth plate (metaphysis) but not the ossification center (epiphysis)

Question 25

Seymour fracture

Answer 25

Juxtaepiphyseal fracture of the distal phalanx (children) Can mimic mallet finger

Question 26

Pilon fracture

Answer 26

Comminuted intra articular fx of the base of the middle phalanx Can be treated with dynamic traction

Question 27

Ligamentotaxis

Answer 27

Periosteum sleeve positions and compresses the articular surfaces when distraction or tension is applied

Question 28

Jahss maneuver

Answer 28

Closed reduction by grabbing the proximal phalanx and pulling up while in 90 flexion at mcp Not used in the little finger

Question 29

Humpback deformity

Answer 29

Scaphoid fx with nonunion (SNAC) with significant flexion at the nonunion site

Question 30

Focal hand dystonia

Answer 30

Abnormal posturing of the hand because of antagonist agonist co-contractions Idiopathic and multifactorial