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WSET3 > France > Flashcards

France Flashcards

1
Q

What is the climate of Bordeaux?

A

Moderate maritime

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2
Q

What is the Gulf Stream?

A

warming ocean current that helps mitigate the factors in Bordeaux

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3
Q

Spring frosts are rarely a problem for Bordeaux…T or F?

A

True

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4
Q

What natural factors protect the vineyards of Bordeaux from the Atlantic storms?

A

Landes Forest and sand dunes

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5
Q

Why is it risky in Bordeaux to rely on one variety?

A

Variation in weather and ripening / risk of natural factors affecting vineyards

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6
Q

How many varieties are allowed in Bordeaux?

A

13

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7
Q

Most widely planted red grape in Bordeaux?

A

Merlot

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8
Q

Cabernet Franc is most grown in this appellation in Bordeaux?

A

Saint Emilion

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9
Q

Why does merlot perform better in Right Bank?

A

Cool clay soils

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10
Q

Petite Verdot ripens only in very hot years…T or F?

A

True

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11
Q

White grape of Bordeaux with a pronounced grapey, floral aroma?

A

Muscadelle

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12
Q

The Dordogne and Garonne Rivers combine to form what Estuary?

A

Gironde

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13
Q

In addition to the Left and Right Bank, what other land area makes up Bordeaux?

A

Entre deux Mers

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14
Q

Chateaus listed in the 1855 classification are known as what?

A

Cru Classes

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15
Q

Cru Bourgeois is awarded to the Chateau…T of F?

A

False. Award to particular vintage.

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16
Q

Appellation with it’s own classification system?

A

St. Emilion

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17
Q

Generic Appellations of Bordeaux?

A

Bordeaux & Bordeaux Superieur

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18
Q

Main difference between Bordeaux and Bordeaux Superiuer?

A

Alcohol must be higher in Superieur

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19
Q

Northernmost part of the Medoc?

A

Bas Medoc

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20
Q

Main soil of Bas Medoc?

A

Clay

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21
Q

4 main communes of the Haut Medoc? North to South

A

St. Estephe, Pauillac, St. Julien, Margaux

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22
Q

Most highly regarded area of Graves?

A

Pessac Leognan

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23
Q

Difference between Cab from Pessac Leognan and Haut Medoc?

A

Lighter in body, more aromatic

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24
Q

Which is larger, Pomerol or St. Emilion?

A

Saint Emilion

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25
Q

What is the difference between the wines of Pomerol and Saint Emilion?

A

Pomerol are richer with spicier Blackberry fruit

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26
Q

Blaye, Cadillac, Castillon and Francs make up what group of wines?

A

Cotes de Bordeaux

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27
Q

Cotes de Bordeaux are made mainly from this grape variety?

A

Merlot

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28
Q

True or False….Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux make dry red wines?

A

False…sweet wines

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29
Q

White wines from this region in Bordeaux can sometimes be Cru Classes?

A

Pessac Leognan

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30
Q

Major appellation of The Dordogne?

A

Bergerac

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31
Q

Where are the vineyards of the Dordogne?

A

East of Entre deux Mers

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32
Q

Sweet wines regions of the Dordogne?

A

Monbazillac

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33
Q

Where is Cahors?

A

East of Bordeaux

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34
Q

Main grape of Cahors

A

Malbec

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35
Q

Main wines from Gascogne IGP are made from this white grape?

A

Ugni Blanc

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36
Q

Main grape of Madiran?

A

Tannat

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37
Q

Natural weather and disease factors affecting Burgundy?

A

Spring frosts, hailstorms, grey rot (pinot noir), rain in Spring

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38
Q

T or F…flat land is more prone to frost?

A

True

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39
Q

Benefits of sloped vineyards in Burgundy?

A

Better soil drainage, less risk of frosts, protection from westerly winds

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40
Q

For the best Burgundian reds, this amount of time in new oak is common?

A

16-18 months

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41
Q

What is the most planted grape of Burgundy?

A

Chardonnay

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42
Q

Basic differences in Chardonnay of Chablis, Cote d’ Or and Macon?

A

Lean, steely, high acid
Complex, expressive, Nuanced
Full bodied, ripe

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43
Q

Main communes of Burgundy, North to South?

A

Chablis, Cotes de Nuits, Cote de Beaune, Cote Chalonnaise, Maconnais, Beaujolais

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44
Q

White grape of Burgundy that produces neutral, high acid wines?

A

Aligote

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45
Q

Burgundy village appellation that lies in the valley of the River Serein?

A

Chablis

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46
Q

Major climatic problem of Chablis?

A

frost

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47
Q

Basic level Chablis vineyards are usually planted on…?

A

North facing slopes and flatter land

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48
Q

Where is the Massif Central?

A

Runs to the west of Cote d’Or

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49
Q

Difference in pinot noir of Cote de Nuits and Cote de Beaune?

A

Cote de Nuits generally more structured, while Cote de Beaune fruitier

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50
Q

How many white grand cru in Cote de Nuits?

A

one

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51
Q

How many red grand cru in Cote de Beaune?

A

one

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52
Q

How many grand crus in Cote d’ Or?

A

33

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53
Q

T or F…white wines are made in Pommard and Volnay?

A

False

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54
Q

Why do the wines of Borgogne Hautes Cotes de Nuits and Borgogne Hautes Cotes Beaune typically have less body and concentration?

A

Higher elevation, cooler climate, more exposure to winds

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55
Q

Why are the wines of the Cote Chalonnaise less premium than their northerly neighbors?

A

Higher altitude of vineyards, not as prime slopes, harvest is later, less reliable

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56
Q

Rully, Mercurey, Givry, and Montagny make up this regional appellation?

A

Cote Chalonnaise

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57
Q

Rully produces more red wine than white…T or F?

A

False

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58
Q

Montagny produces only white wines?

A

True

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59
Q

Pouilly-Fuisse and Saint-Veran are the main appellations of the village?

A

Maconnais

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60
Q

Gamay is ____ budding and _____ ripening?

A

early, early

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61
Q

These soils produce the best gamay in Bojo?

A

Granite

62
Q

Traditional method of pruning in Bojo?

A

Gobelet

63
Q

Region located on the alluvial plain of the River Saone?

A

Beaujolais

64
Q

Four crus of Bojo with greatest production?

A

Brouilly, Morgon, Fleurie, Moulin-a-Vent

65
Q

What is the climate of Alsace?

A

moderate continental

66
Q

Mountain range that shelters Alsace?

A

Vosges

67
Q

The Vosges Mountain ranges helps Alsace with these climatic factors?

A

Protects from westerly winds, reduces cloud cover to ensure sunny summers and dry autumns

68
Q

Where are grapes for Cremant d’Alsace usually grown?

A

flat plain

69
Q

Why does most of Alsace farm organically?

A

Low disease pressure due to sunny, dry conditions

70
Q

4 main grapes of Alsace?

A

Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Gris, Muscat

71
Q

If a wine is labels as Edelzwicker or Gentil, what is inside the bottle?

A

A blend of varieties

72
Q

Region in France where classic producers use barrels for fermentation that could be more than 100 years old?

A

Alsace

73
Q

MLF is often encourage in Alsace…T or F

A

False. Aromatic varieties might lose those awesome aromas

74
Q

SGN wines are always sweet…T or F?

A

True

75
Q

Most widely planted ‘Noble’ variety in Alsace?

A

Riesling

76
Q

T or F….German rieslings show more floral characters than those from Alsace?

A

True

77
Q

‘Noble’ grape from Alsace that produces aromatic, full bodied, low to medium acidity, and high alcohol wines?

A

Gewurztraminer

78
Q

Pinot Gris from Alsace tends to have these characteristics?

A

Rich, full bodied, high alcohol, medium acidity (more than Gewurz for comparison)

79
Q

Variety often used for Cremant d’Alsace

A

Pinot Blanc

80
Q

Only black grape permitted in Alsace?

A

Pinot Noir

81
Q

If a label in Alsace uses a variety, what percentage must be of the grape?

A

100%

82
Q

Alsace Grand Cru must come from a single grape variety…T or F?

A

True

83
Q

Vendanges Tardives means what?

A

Late harvest

84
Q

Which is usually sweeter, Vendanges Tardives or Selection de Grains Nobles?

A

Selection de Grains Nobles

85
Q

True or False…Touraine produces more Sauvignon Blanc than the Central Vineyards?

A

True

86
Q

Menetou-Salon is located to the west and south of what appellation?

A

Sancerre

87
Q

Prominent vineyard in Sancerre?

A

Les Monts Damnes

88
Q

Chavignol is a village which produces Sauvignon Blanc within this region?

A

Sancerre

89
Q

Sauvignon Blanc is mainly grown where within the Loire Valley? (2 regions)

A

Central Vineyards

Touraine

90
Q

Why do Loire Valley vintages vary?

A

Variations in weather patterns

Huge risk of fungal disease due to rainfall

91
Q

Why is it important Touraine has a cooler, wetter climate than Anjou?

A

Further inland, should be opposite

92
Q

What is the IGP of the Loire Valley?

A

Val de Loire

93
Q

What are the four subregions of the Loire Valley, East to West?

A

Nantais, Anjou-Saumur, Touraine, Central Vineyards

94
Q

Soil type of Sancerre?

A

Chalky, well drained stony soils

95
Q

The main appellations of Central Vineyards?

A

Sancerre

Pouilly Fume

96
Q

Smallest production of Loire subregions?

A

Central Vineyards

97
Q

White variety of Loire Valley with uneven ripening?

A

Chenin Blanc

98
Q

Chenin grapes that produce a wine of only 10 to 11 % are generally used for what?

A

Sparkling

99
Q

Vouvray is located within what area?

A

Touraine

100
Q

Savennieres is located where?

A

Anjou

101
Q

Is Saumur located within Anjou or vice versa?

A

Saumur is located within Anjou

102
Q

Vouvray is often fermented and matured in new oak…T or F?

A

False

103
Q

Renowned appellation for sparkling in Loire?

A

Saumur

104
Q

Anjou wines are often matured in ____ oak?

A

new

105
Q

Renowned sweet wine region in the Loire?

A

Coteaux du Layon

106
Q

2 prominent sweet wine sites within Coteaux du Layon

A

Bonnezeaux and Quarts de Chaume

107
Q

Melon Blanc ripens _____ and is _____ resistant?

A

early, frost

108
Q

Maximum alcohol % in Muscadet?

A

12

109
Q

Cabernet Franc flowers _____ and ripens _____?

A

Early, early

110
Q

Chinon and Bourgueil are located in what area?

A

Touraine

111
Q

Cabernet Franc from Saumur Champigny tend to be lighter in ____ and _____ than wines from Touraine?

A

Body and tannin

112
Q

Second most black variety planted in Loire?

A

Gamay

113
Q

Rose in the Loire mostly comes from….?

A

Anjou-Saumur

114
Q

Rose de Loire must have at least 30% of this or that grape?

A

Cab Sauv, Cab Franc

115
Q

Where is the mistral wind located?

A

Northern Rhone

116
Q

Vines in this region are often single staked or supported by a teepee like set of stakes?

A

Northern Rhone

117
Q

White grape that produces full-bodied wines with perfumed aromas of blossom and apricots, and flavors of stone fruits. Low acidity and high alcohol.

A

Viognier

118
Q

In the Northern Rhone, _______ has the richness and weight, whereas _______ offers acidity and a perfumed fruit characteristic.

A

Marsanne, Roussanne

119
Q

Ampuis is located in which Northern Rhone cru?

A

Cote Rotie

120
Q

In Cote Rotie, how much viognier can be used?

A

20%

121
Q

Syrah from Northern Rhone that is deeply colored, full bodied, spicy and aromatic?

A

Cote Rotie

122
Q

This Northern Rhone cru can produce wines similar to Hermitage on terraced vineyards?

A

Saint Joseph

123
Q

What percentage of white grapes can be used in Hermitage?

A

15%

124
Q

The most important cru of the Northern Rhone in terms of volume?

A

Crozes Hermitage

125
Q

What percentage of white grapes can be used in Crozes Hermitage?

A

15%

126
Q

Brooting reds of Syrah similar to Hermitage and 100% Syrah?

A

Cornas

127
Q

The vineyards of the Southern Rhone are planted on much _______ terrain than the Northern Rhone?

A

Flatter

128
Q

Many Southern Rhone vineyards have stony soils made up of ______?

A

Galets

129
Q

Climate of the northern Rhone?

A

Moderate, continental

130
Q

Climate of the Southern Rhone?

A

Mediterranean, mild winters, dry summers

131
Q

Area of France where windbreaks have to be planted? Why?

A

Southern Rhone, where the Mistral gains speed, no slopes to protect

132
Q

In the Southern Rhone, Grenache is _____ trained, low to the ground?

A

Bush

133
Q

Most widely planted red grape in Southern Rhone?

A

Grenache

134
Q

The warm summers in this region help Grenache to ripen fully and produced spiced red fruit flavors?

A

Southern Rhone

135
Q

In the Southern Rhone, this grape is at the northernmost location where it can ripen?

A

Mourvedre

136
Q

Other main varieties in Southern Rhone besides Grenache? (3)

A

Syrah, Mourvedre, Cinsault

137
Q

Which produces red fruit flavors and which produces black fruit flavors? Mourvedre, Cinsault

A

Mourvedre - black fruit, more tannin

Cinsault - red fruit

138
Q

This grape is often used with Grenache to produce rose in the Southern Rhone?

A

Cinsault

139
Q

Many producers feel new oak overwhelms Grenache…T or F?

A

True

140
Q

Three main white grapes of the southern Rhone?

A

Clairette, Grenache Blanc, Bourboulenc

141
Q

First appellation to have AOC status?

A

CDP

142
Q

Only two crus on the left bank of Rhone?

A

Tavel and Lirac

143
Q

Tavel produces rose, red, and white wine?

A

False, only rose

144
Q

Climate of Southern France?

A

warm Mediterranean, hot summer, mild winters, low rainfall

145
Q

Largest climatic factor affecting Southern Rhone

A

Draught

146
Q

Most important black varieties in Southern France?

A

Syrah and Grenache

147
Q

____________ is grown in southern France and is naturally high in tannin, acidity, and color. It can lack fruit or finesse?

A

Carignan

148
Q

White varieties of the Southern Rhone?

3 international, 3 local

A

Chardonnay, Viognier, Sauvignon Blanc, Muscat, Grenache Blanc, Picpoul

149
Q

Where is Fitou, Corbieres, Minverois located? Region…

A

Languedoc Rouissillon

150
Q

More IGP wines are made here than any other region in France?

A

Languedoc Rouissillon

151
Q

Bandol produces premium reds based on which grape?

A

Mourvedre

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