France Flashcards
(97 cards)
1
Q
Starting with Bordeaux moving roughly clockwise name the French wine regions
A
Bordeaux Loire valley Champagne Alsace Burgundy Beaujolais The Rhône valley Southern France Southwest France
2
Q
What mountain chain shields northeastern France , particularly Alsace from western storms and allows a warmer drier vineyard than others at the same latitude ?
A
Vosges Mountains
Voojuhz’
3
Q
What is the most widely planted white grape in France ?
A
Ugni blanc (Trebbiano Toscano), used almost exclusively for making brandy (cognac and Armagnac)
4
Q
Name the major white varieties of France (7)
A
Ugni blanc Chardonnay Sauvignon Blanc Melon de Bourgogne Sémillon Chenin Blanc Muscat
5
Q
What is the most widely planted grape variety in France ?
A
Merlot
6
Q
What are the major red varieties in France (11)
A
Merlot Cabernet Sauvignon Cabernet franc Grenache Syrah Pinot noir Carignan Gamay Cinsault Meunier Mourvèdre
7
Q
What are the three levels of geographic specificity from broad to most specific of vin de pays?
A
Regional
Departmental
Zone
8
Q
Name the seven regional vin de pays categories
A
Pays d’OC IGP Val de Loire IGP Comtés Rhodaniens IGP Méditerranée IGP Comté Tolosan IGP L’Atlantique IGP Terres du Midi IGP
9
Q
What is the top of the French wine classification pyramid
A
AOC appellation d’origine contrôlée
Name of controlled origin
Can also be called AC or AOP appellation d’origine protégée
10
Q
What is the main city of the left bank?
A
Bordeaux
11
Q
What is the main city of the right bank
A
Libourne
12
Q
What body or bodies make up frances western border
A
The Atlantic Ocean bay of biscay
13
Q
What body makes up frances northwestern border
A
The English Channel
14
Q
What body or bodies make up frances northeastern border
A
Belgium
Luxembourg
Germany
15
Q
What bodies make up frances eastern border
A
Switzerland
Italy
16
Q
Leading red grapes of Bordeaux (6)
A
Merlot Cabernet Sauvignon Cabernet franc Malbec Petit Verdot Carmenère
17
Q
Leading white grapes of Bordeaux (3)
A
Sémillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Muscadelle
18
Q
What is crémant?
A
Less bubbly sparkling wine made by methode champenoise outside of champagne
19
Q
What are the four satellites of St Émilion?
A
Lussac
Montagne
Puisseguin
St Georges
20
Q
What are the 5 subzones of the côte de Bordeaux?
A
Blaye Cadillac Castillon Francs Sainte Foy
21
Q
Name the four distinct wine regions of the Loire Valley
A
The Pays Nantais
Anjou-Saumur
Touraine
The upper Loire aka eastern Loire
22
Q
Leading red grapes of the Loire valley (7)
A
Cabernet Franc Gamay Pinot Noir Cabernet Sauvignon Grolleau Pineau d’Aunis Négrette
23
Q
Leading white grapes of the Loire Valley (6)
A
Melon de Bourgogne Chenin Blanc Sauvignon Blanc Chardonnay Folle Blanche Pinot Gris
24
Q
What is the best known grape variety of the pay Nantais?
A
Melon de Bourgogne locally known as Muscadet
25
What grape is pouilly-fumé known for
100% Sauvignon Blanc
26
What grape is pouilly-fuissé known for
100% Chardonnay
27
Name the five main zones of champagne
```
Montagne de Reims (muhn tanya)
Vallée de la Marne
Côte des Blancs
Côte de Sézanne
Côte des Bar
```
North to south
28
Limestone rock soil formed by marine deposits known for excellent water retention, heat retention, and heat reflection
Kimmeridgian marl or soul
29
What are the main and allowed grape varieties in champagne
Main
Chardonnay
Pinot noir (red)
Meunier (Pinot Meunier) (red)
```
Allowed
Pinot Blanc
Pinot gris
Petit Meslier
Arbane
```
30
Marc in wine
In champagne, the traditional measurement for quantity of grapes allowed in the press, 4,000kg or 8800lbs
31
In champagne, how much juice is allowed to be extracted per Marc ?
25.5 hectoliters or 675 gallons
32
How is champagne juice categorized
Cuvée: the majority of juice 20.5 hectoliters from free run and first light pressings used for premium champagne
Taille: juice from the next set of pressings lower in sugar and acid used for demi-sec or extra dry sparkling wine, permitted volume 5 hectoliters
Rebêche (think rubbish), juice from a third pressing or leftovers , used for still wine , spirits or vinegar
33
How long must non vintage champagne spend maturing in the producers cellar ?
15 months with at least 12 months aging on the lees
34
French for vintage, used in champagne
Millésime
35
How long must vintage champagne spend aging in the producers cellar?
Minimum of 3 years with at least 12 months on the lees
36
What is remuage?
Riddling , rotating and tilting champagne bottles to get sediment to the neck for disgorgement eventually leaving champagne clear
37
Name the sweetness levels of champagne from driest to sweetest
```
Brut nature or sans dosage (unsweetened)
Extra brut
Brut
Extra sec
Sec
Demi sec
Doux
```
Brut and sec both mean dry, the latter literally
38
3 names for top of the line champagne using the finest grapes and most careful production techniques
Prestige cuvée
Tête de cuvée
Cuvée spéciale
39
échelle des crus
Champagne village classification scheme ranking based on quality of the grapes, score of 100 is grand cru, 90-99 is premier cru
40
Récoltant Manipulant
Initials RM on champagne bottle is a grower champagne who makes and sells own champagne
Champagne produced by the estate that owns vineyards where the grapes are grown
41
What are the sparkling wine appellations of the champagne region ?
Only one
| Champagne AOC
42
Name the 2 AOCs for nonsparkling Wine in the champagne region
Rosé des Riceys AOC -still rose wine from Pinot noir
Coteaux Champenois AOC -still wines white, red or rosé
43
Name the 3 appellations in Alsace
Alsace AOC
Alsace Grand Cru
Crémant d’Alsace AOC
44
What grapes are Alsace grand cru vineyards permitted to use
```
Only the “noble varieties”
Gewurtztraminer
Muscat
Pinot Gris
Riesling
```
45
What is the only red grape permitted in Alsace?
Pinot noir
46
What grapes are approved in crémant d’Alsace (6)
```
Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Riesling
Chardonnay
Pinot noir
Auxerrois (ohserwah’)
```
47
White blends of Alsace are labelled
Edelzwicker
48
White blends of Alsace with a minimum of 50% noble variety are labelled
Gentil
49
An Alsace wine labelled Pinot or Pinot d’Alsace May contain what
Grapes (4)
Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Pinot noir
Auxerrois
50
Name 2 styles of Alsace dessert wines
Vendange tardive
| Sélection de grains nobles
51
What white grape is the leading in both Bordeaux and eastern Loire
Sauvignon blanc
52
Melon de Bourgogne is grown primarily where
Western Loire Valley
53
Where is sémillon primarily grown
Bordeaux
54
What white grape is primarily grown in the Loire valleys Anjou saumur and touraine areas
Chenin Blanc
55
What is the leading red grape of the Loire valley
Cabernet Franc
56
What are of France is carignan typically grown in
It is a warm climate grape south of France and Corsica
57
What are the 2 red grape varieties of champagne
Pinot noir and Pinot meunier
58
Is Mourvèdre a red or white variety
A warm climate red variety grown in Rhône, languedoc roussillon Corsica and Provence
59
What would be the lowest wine classification of all the grapes come from France
Vin de France
60
What production restriction does vin de pays have
At least 85% of the grapes must come from within one of the vin de pays regions
61
What area does the pays d’Oc igp cover
The western part of the French Mediterranean coast including landuedoc roussillon
62
What area does the regional vin de pays , Val de Loire igp cover
Loire valley and Chablis
63
What area does the regional vin de pays , comtés rhodaniens cover
The northern Rhône valley and Savoie
64
What area does the regional vin de pays, méditerranée igp cover
Southeast France , Rhône valley and Provence
65
What area does the regional vin de pays, comté tolosan igp cover
Southwest France
66
What area does the regional vin de pays, L’Atlantique igp cover
Bordeaux, dordogne and charentais
67
What area does the regional vin de pays, terres du midi igp cover
Some blended wines in languedoc roussillon
68
What protective barrier tempers Bordeaux’s climate
The Landes Forest along the western coast
69
What sub region of the entire deux mers AOC is approved for white wine only
Haut Benauge
70
Which AOCs of the entre deux mers are approved for the production of sweet white wines
Loupiac
Sainte croix du mont
Cadillac
71
What AOC s of the entre deux mers are also approved for red wine production
Graves de vayres
| Sainte foy cotes de Bordeaux
72
The subzones of the côtes de Bordeaux
```
Francs
Castillon
Blaye
Sainte foy
Cadillac
```
73
What’s the only superior first growth sweet wine of the 1855 classification
Chateau d’Yquem
74
What are the 4 chateaux premier cru of the 1855 classification
Haut brion
Lafite-Rothschild
Latour
Margaux
*None right bank *
75
What is the only level of graves chateaux?
Cru classé
76
What’s the only classification system of the right bank
St emilion grand cru classé
1- premier grand cru classé
2-grand cru classé
77
What are the 4 category A premier grand cru classé of the st Emillion grand cru
Chateau angelus
Chateau ausone
Chateau cheval Blanc
Chateau pavie
78
What is Chenin Blanc known as in the Loire valley
Pineau de la Loire
79
What grape is vouvray
Chenin Blanc
80
What is Cabernet franc known as in the Loire valley
Breton
81
What is Malbec known as in the Loire valley
Côt
82
What is the best known grape variety of the pays Nantais
Melon de Bourgogne
83
What is melon de Bourgogne known as in the pays nantais
Muscadet
84
What are the 5 main zones of champagne
```
Montagne de reims
Vallee de la Marne
Côte des blancs
Côte de sézanne
Côte des bar
```
85
What type of soil does côte des bar lie on top of
Kimmeridgian marl
86
Where is kimmeridgian marl found
Champagne côte des bar
Loire valley
Burgundy
87
What are the 3 main permitted grape varieties of champagne
Chardonnay
Pinot noir
Pinot meunier
88
What are the 4 other allowed grape varieties of champagne
Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Petit meslier
Arbane
89
What are champagnes aging requirements, nonvintage and vintage
Nonvintage 15 months , 12 months on the lees
Vintage 36 months , 12 months in the lees
90
Champagne levels from driest to sweetest
```
Brut nature or sans dosage
Extra brut
Brut
Extra sec
Sec
Demi-sec
Doux
```
91
What is the champagne village classification known as
Échelle des crus
Grand crus have échelle of 100
Premier cru villages have échelle of 90-99
92
What are the 2 non sparkling wine appellations of the champagne region
Rosé des Riceys AOC
| Coteaux Champenois AOC
93
What 2 geographical features sandwich the Alsace region on the west and east
Vosges Mountains to the west
| Rhine River to the east
94
What are the 2 departments of the Alsace area
Bas-Rhin and the Haut-Rhin
95
What are plots of land in burgundy called
Climats
96
What region is muscat de nöel from?
Roussillon
97
What region is the birthplace of French wine
Provence
