France - Champagne Flashcards
(494 cards)
1
Q
Can you call a sparkling wine Champagne if it’s not from Champagne, France?
A
No, of the wine isn’t made from Champagne, France it legally can’t be called champagne. It can be called mèthode traditionalle or mèthode classique
2
Q
Yeast goes dormant at what temp?
A
50 degrees Fahrenheit
3
Q
What is the method of champagne used to make sparkling wine from Champagne, France?
A
Mèthode Champenoise
4
Q
What are the two separate fermentations involved in Mèthode Champenoise?
A
- Creating a still wine (Vin Clair)
2. In a bottle create and trap carbonation
5
Q
What is the soil type of Champagne?
A
Limestone with undertones of clay, sand and marl
6
Q
Where is Champagne located?
A
NorthEastern France - 90 miles from Paris
7
Q
What is assemblage?
A
Process of blending done by the cellar master to make a house blend
8
Q
What are the two main rivers of Champagne?
A
Velse River - Montage de Reims
Marne River - Valle de la Marne
9
Q
What is the weather type of Champagne, France?
A
Cold, wet, and damp
10
Q
What are the two main cities in the region of Champagne?
A
Reims
Èpernay
11
Q
What region in champagne does the city of Reims reside in
A
Montage de Reims
12
Q
What region is closest to the city of Epernay?
A
Valle de la Marne
13
Q
If a champagne is 100% Chardonnay which region was it probably produced in?
A
Côte de Blancs
14
Q
If a champagne is 100% Pinot Noir which region was it probably produced in?
A
Montage de Reims
15
Q
What are the two forms of pressing champagne grapes?
A
Cuveè - first pressing
Taille - second pressing, add with cuveè to make vintage or nonvintage champagne
16
Q
What are the 5 regions of Champagne?
A
North to south
- Montage de Reims
- Valle de la Marne
- Côte de Blancs
- Côte de Sèzanne
- The Aube
17
Q
What are the Grand Cru villages of Montage de Reims?
A
Sillery
Puisieulx
Mailly - Champagne
Verzenay
Beaumont - sur - velse
Verzy - added in 1985
Louvois
Bouzy
Ambonney
18
Q
What are the Grand cru villages of Valle de la Marne?
A
Aÿ - Champagne
Tours -sur - Marne - red grapes only
19
Q
What are the Grand Cru villages of Côtes de Blancs?
A
North to South
Chouilly - white only, added in 1985
Oiry - added in 1985
Cramant
Avise
Oger - added in 1985
Le- Mensil-sur-Oger - added in 1985
20
Q
What is Remuage?
A
This is the process where the bottle is lightly shaken (either by hand or machine) in a way to gather the spent lees in the bottle towards the neck of the bottle
21
Q
When no sugar is added and the wine is bone dry it is called?
A
Brut Nature
22
Q
A minimal amount of sugar is added that is barely perceivable, causing the wine to be dry. This is the most popular style of Champagne produced?
A
Brut
23
Q
Some sugar is added, making the wine off dry. The second most popular style of Champagne?
A
Extra Dry or Extra Sec
24
Q
What are Champagne vineyards called?
A
Houses
25
What grape is a clone of Pinot Noir?
Pinot Meinsiur
26
What characteristic does Chardonnay have in sparkling wines?
Finesse
27
What characteristic does Pinot Meunièr have in Sparkling wine?
fruit character
28
What role Characteristic does Pinot Noir have in sparkling wines?
Weight and Structure
29
Primary grapes used to make Champagne in Montage de Reims?
Pinot Noir
Pinot Meunier
30
Primary grapes used to make Champagne in Valle de la Marne?
Pinot Meunier
31
Primary grape used to make Champagne in the Cote de Blancs?
Chardonnay
32
Primary grape used in the Côte de Sezanne to make Champagne?
Chardonnay
33
Primary grape used to make Champagne in the Aube?
Pinot Noir
34
The dead deposit of dead yeast or residual yeast and other particles that precipitate, or are carried by the action of "fining", to the bottom of a vat of wine after Fermentation and aging is called?
Lees
35
What is the most common champagne style?
Non Vintage
36
Expelling the sediments from the title after Remuage is called?
Disgorgement
37
What grape accounts for the largest acreage in Champagne?
Pinot Noir
38
What is the most southerly region in Champagne?
The Aube
39
Which of the following methods involves a single fermentation that begins in tank but concludes in the bottle?
Mèthode Ancestrale
40
If a champagne is Blanc de Noir it is 100% what?
Black grapes but mainly Pinot Noir
41
If a champane is Blanc de Blanc it is 100% what?
Chardonnay
42
Louis Roederer produces the prestige cuveè "Dom Perignon"?
False - the Tete de Cuveè for Louis Rederdor is Cristal
43
The number of grams of sugar added after disgorgement is called?
Liqueur D'expedition also known as Dosage
44
What is another name for Dosage?
Liqueur D'Expedition
45
What is Liquer de Tirage?
Before the second fermentation the addition of wine, sugar and yeast
46
What are the steps of Method Champenoise?
Harvest
Pressing Grapes
Fermentation
Assemblage - Making Still Wine
Liqueur de Tirage
Second Fermentation
Aging
Riddling
Degorgement
Liqueur D' Expedition (Dosage)
Recorking
47
How many bottles are on a Pupitre?
60 bottles
48
How many bottles does a Gyropallete hold?
504 bottles
49
What is the minimum aging for nonvintage wine?
15 months
50
What is the minimum aging for Vintage wine?
36 months
51
What is the name of the type of sparkling wine of it has a residual sugar level of 0-12 grams per liter?
Brut
52
What is the name of the type of sparkling wine of it has a residual sugar level of 0-3 grams per liter / no added Dosage?
Brut Nature / Non Dose
53
What is the name of the type of sparkling wine of it has a residual sugar level of 12-17 grams per liter?
Extra Dry
54
What is the name of the type of sparkling wine of it has a residual sugar level of 17-32 grams per liter?
Sec
55
What is the name of the type of sparkling wine of it has a residual sugar level of 32-50 grams per liter?
Demi - Sec
56
What is the name of the type of sparkling wine of it has a residual sugar level of 50 + grams per liter?
Doux
57
What is the largest champagne bottle size on the market
Solomon 18 L / 24 bottles
58
What are some common Champagne aromas?
Apple
Toast
Citrus
Yeast (Bread Dough)
Hazelnuts / Walnuts
59
What is the oldest sparkling Champagne House?
Ruinart - established in 1729 as a sparkling wine house
60
Who developed the formula for secondary Fermentation?
A pharmacist named Andre Francois along with Jean - Antoine Chaptal (chaptalization researcher)
61
Who created the first brut champagne?
Pommery in 1874
62
What is special about Champagne labeling?
They are the only appellation that is not required to state AOP/AOC on the label
63
How and why was the CIVIC created?
It was formed during Nazi occupation in 1941 by Count Robert Jean de Vogue of Moët to protect the interest of the Champenois from the Nazis
64
What was the first vintage of Dom Perignon?
1921
65
What is belemnite chalk?
Derived from cephalopods
66
What is micraster chalk?
Derived from sea urchins - common in the Valley
67
What is the most dominant soil type in the Aube?
Clay
68
What pruning methods are allowed in Champagne?
Cordon de Royat
Chablis
Valle de la Marne
Guyot (single and double)
69
What grapes other than the major 3 are permitted in Champagne?
Pinot Blanc Vrai
Abrane
Pinot Gris
Petit Meslier
70
What is the pressing limit enforced by the CIVIC since 1993?
102 L per 160kg of grapes
2,550L per 4,000kg of grapes (size of coequard press) also called a Marc
71
What does blocage and deblocage mean?
Blocage - the reserve of wine stocks for use in future vintages
Deblocage - the release
72
What is a matriculation number?
A number assigned to each producer by the CIVIC
73
What does NM mean on a Champagne label?
Negoicant Manipulant
- a house that purchases grapes or base wine. They may also own their own vineyards
74
What does RM mean in a bottle of champagne?
Recoltant Manipulant
- A grower producer who makes wine from estate fruit 96% must come from their own vineyards
75
What does CM mean?
Cooperative Manipulant
| - A grower cooperative that produces a wine under one brand
76
What does RC mean?
Recoltant Cooperateur
A grower whose grapes are vinified at a co-operative but is labeled as their own brand
77
What does SR mean?
Societe de Recoltants
- a firm, not a co-operative, of growers often related who pool their resources to vinify their wines and market them under several brands
78
What does ND mean?
Negociant Distributer
| - a middleman company, that distributes Champagne that they did not make
79
Where was Dom Pérignon cellar master
The Abbey of Hautvillers from 1668 til 1715
80
What does pétillant mean
Semi Sparkling
81
What does Demi Mousseux mean
Crémont
82
What is the oldest champagne house still in operation today
Gosset - established in 1584, was founded as a still wine producer
83
Who is Madame Barbe - Nicole Ponsardin
The Vueve Cliquot
84
What did Madam Barbe Nicole Ponsardin pioneer once she took over the house of Cliquot
The development of the pupitre
85
What was the name of the first Brut champagne produced by Pommery in 1874
Pommery Nature
86
What region was removed from champagne in the realigning of Champagne in 1908
The Aube (Cote de Bars)
87
When was The Aube reinstated as a full Region of champagne
1927
88
When was champagne enshrined into the AOC / AOP
1936
89
What is the Commission de Châlons
Founded in 1936 in Champagne as a consortium of growers and merchants to develop quality standards and regulate pricing
90
What are some of the wars that have taken place in or around Champagne
Hundred Years War
16th Century Religious Conflicts
Thirty Years War
World War I
World War II
91
How many villages are authorized to grow grapes for Champange
357
92
Pinot Noir is the prominent grape in what districts in Champagne
Montage de Reims
Côte des Bars (The Aube)
93
Chardonnay is the dominant grape of what districts in a Champange
Côte de Sézanne
Côte des Blancs
94
Pinot Meunier is the primary grape for what District in Champange
Vallée de la Marne
95
What directions are the slopes facing in Côte des Blanc
Southeast
East
96
Who can recieve Cru status in Champagne
Cru status is awarded to entire villages in Champagne , rather than individual vineyards or properties
97
How many Grand Crus are in Champagne
17
98
How many premier Crus are in Champagne
42
99
What does the CIVIC regulate
1. Size of harvest
2. Authorizes blocage and deblocage
3. Safeguards the protected designation of Champange
100
What is the percentile system by which villages or Crus of champagne appellations are rated
Échelle de Crus
101
If a village achieved the maximum échelle ("scale") of 100 in Champagne what was it classified as
Grand Cru
102
If a village achieved an échelle of 90 to 99 they are classified as
Premier Cru
103
What were the only Premier Cru Villages with a 99% ranking
Mareuil - sur - Ay - Vallée de la Marne
Tauxières - Montage de Reims
Cuis - Cote Des Blanc
104
Villages in Champagne with a rating below 90 were classified as
Crus
105
Large Champange houses such as :
Möet et Chandon
Louis Roederer
Vueve Clicquot Ponsardin
Tattinger
Pol Roger
Perrier - Jouët
Mumm
Laurent - Perrier
All fall under what type of champagne produced
Négociant Manipulant
106
What is a MA
Marque d'Acheteur - a buyers own brand, often a large supermarket chain or resturant that purchases Champagne and sells it under its own label
107
The vin de cuveè while pressing accounts for the first __________ liters of Juice
2,050 liters
108
The vin de taille when pressing grapes for champagne accounts for following __________ liters, following the extraction of the vin de cuveè juices
500
109
During the primary fermentation of the still wine during the making of champagne, what type of barrels are used
Stainless Steel
Oak - some used but new wood is used as well
110
What is the heart of the Méthode Champenoise process
The second fermentation
111
What is Prise de mousse
French for Second fermentation
112
What type of bottle cap is used during the second fermentation
A crown cap
113
What is a bidule
A plastic capsule that captures the sediment during Remuage
114
How long does the second fermentation process last
Up to 8 weeks
115
During the second fermentation the carbon dioxide creates a pressure inside the bottle of _______ to ______ atmosphere
5 to 6 atmospheres
116
What is it called when each bottle is briskly shaken in order to prevent the sediment from sticking to the sides of the bottle
Pointage
117
What is dégorgement à la glace
The dulling the neck of bottles into a freezing brine solution
118
What is dégorgement à la volée
An older method of disgorgement
The same as dégorgement à la glace except the release of the sediments doesn't take place in frozen liquid
119
What is in the mixture of dosage
Sugar syrup and wine
120
What is the minimum months non vintage champagne can be aged
15 months
121
What is the minimum months vintage champagne can be aged
36 months
122
What is a piccolo
A quarter champagne bottle
187 ml
123
What is a Demi
A half bottle of champagne
375 ml
124
What is the size of the standard champagne bottle
750 ml
125
What is a magnum
2 bottles - 1.5 ml
126
What is a jeroboam
3L - 4 bottles
127
What is a Rehoboam
4.5 L - 6 bottles
128
When was Rehoboam discontinued
In 1989
129
What is Methuselah
6L - 8 bottles
130
What is Salmanazar
9L - 12 bottles
131
What is Balthazar
12L - 16 bottles
132
What is a Nebuchadnezzar
15L - 20 bottles
133
What is a Solomon
18 L 24 bottles
134
What is the maximum amount of a years harvest may be sold as vintage Champagne
80%
135
Comtes de Champagne is the Tete de Cuveè for what house
Tattinger
136
Cristal is the Tete de Cuveè for what house
Louis Roederer
137
Grand Siècle is the Tete de Cuveè for what house
Laurent - Perrier
138
Belle Épique is the Tete de Cuveè for what house
Perrier - Jouët
139
Cuveè Sir Winston Churchill is the Tete de Cuveè for what house
Pol Roger
140
Dom Ruinart is the Tete de Cuveè for what house
Ruinart
141
La Grande Dame is the Tete de Cuveè for what house
Vueve Clicquot
142
What are Coteaux Champenois and Rosé de Riceys
The still wine appellations within Champagne
143
What type of wines are made in Coteaux Champenois
Red wine 🔴
White wine ⚪
Rosé ⚪🔴
144
What is the leading grape for wines are made in Rosé de Riceys
Pinot Noir
145
Where is Les Ricey
A Cru village in the Aube
146
How many AOPs produce Crémont wines produced by in the traditional method and what are they
7
Crémant de Bordeaux
Crémant de Bourgonge
Crémant de Loire
Crémant de Limoux
Crémant de Die
Crémant du Jura
Crémant d'Alsace
147
What are the 3 appellations in Loire Valley that use the traditional method
Vouvray
Montlouis - sur - Loire
Saumur
148
What are the appellations in Savoie that use traditional method
Vin de Savoie
Seyssel
149
Where in Italy are the best traditional sparkling wines produced
Lombardy
Franciacorta DOCG
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico
150
True or False
All Spanish Cava is made in the traditional method
True
151
True or False
All German Sekt is made in the traditional method
False - only the highest quality
152
Where is the White Cliffs of Dover and what type of sparking wine do they make
United Kingdom
Traditional method
153
Nyetimber
Ridge view Estate
These are top producers of what and they are from where
Sussex (United Kingdom) and method traditional sparkling wines
154
What is the leading house of method traditional in South Africa and what do they call their method
Graham Beck - Cap Classique
155
What is the oldest form of the sparkling winemaking procedure
Méthode Ancestrale
156
Is liqueur de triage neccrssary in Méthode Ancestrale
No, the yeast continues to ferment the remaining sugars in the bottle, giving the wine its sparkle
157
Is dosage allowed in Méthode Ancestrale
No
158
Who invented the Charmat method
Eugene Charmat in 1907 in France
159
How many atmospheres does sparkling wine reach in the charmat Method
5 atmospheres
160
What is the cheapest method of sparkling winemaking
Carbonation - simply injecting carbon dioxide into the still wine
161
What is the name of the still wine that makes champagne
Vin Clair
162
What does atmospheric pressure mean
A measure of atmospheric pressure:
1 atmosphere = 15 pounds per square inch
The average internal pressure of a bottle of Champagne is six atmospheres
163
Keep Gringing!
Don't give up!
164
What are the 5 departments of Champagne
```
Aisne
Aube
Seine et Marne
Haut Marne
Marne
```
165
Which department accounts for the most planting of vines in Champagne
Marne at 66%
166
How many villages make up champagne
330 villages
167
How many grand crus are their in Champagne
17
168
How many premier crus are there in Champagne
42
169
What directions do most slopes face in Champagne
Predominantly south, east and southeast- facing slopes
170
Pinot Noir is dominant in what areas in Champagne
Montagne de Reims and the Côte des Bar.
171
Meunier is dominant in what areas of Champagne
Vallée de la Marne
172
Chardonnay is the dominant grape of what area in Champagne
Cote Des Blancs
173
What percentage of Pinot Noir is grown in Champagne
Pinot Noir makes up 38%
174
What percentage of Meunier is grown in Champagne
Meunier makes up 32%
175
What percentage of Chardonnay is grown in Champagne
Chardonnay makes up 30%
176
What are some classic flavours of champagne
```
Toast
Baked Bread
Biscuits
Pastries
Grilled Nuts
```
177
What are the 3 legal stages where you can use sugar in Champagne
1. Chaptalisation (ours during the still wine process)
2. Liqueur de tirage
3. Liqueur d’expédition
178
What is Boues de ville (also known as Gadoues)
The dominant fertilizer used in Champagne from the 1960’s til 1998
The fertilizer was a combination of trash, plastic and crushed glass
179
What is the dominant fertilizer soil addition in champagne
Wood Chips
180
What is a geological blend
A blend that is based on grapes that come from a similar soil instead using a variety of terriors to make a house style
Pascal Agrapart is known for using this style in champagne
181
What is the Maillard Reaction
A process involving the interactions of amino acids with the addition of sugar in the wine
This reaction is what gives champagne those traditional aromas and flavors of bread, yeast and dough
182
What is the disadvantage of using wood chips as a fertilizer
Changes the nitrogen balance of the soil
The chips smother the soil
Negatively impacts life in the soil
Can bring new fungi that are not indigenous to the region
183
What are some advantages of using wood chip fertilizers
They give the soil more structure
Help minimizes erosion
And allows the vineyard workers to drive trackers across the vineyard in wet weather
184
What is Massal Selection
Seeks to identify vines that produce the finest grapes
Note: French wine growing term for the practice of replanting new vineyards with cuttings from exceptional old vines from the same (or nearby) property.
185
What is Réseau Matu
A network created to monitor grape ripening
Note: (ripening observation network). Consisting of volunteer professionals – winegrowers, vineyard managers, House managers, etc – the Réseau Matu monitors ripening in 404 vineyard plots that represent the Champagne vineyard as a whole.
- based upon their testing they create a harvest schedule for these selected vineyards
186
Who invented the Pupitre
Madam Barbe Nicole Cliquot Ponsardin
Cellermaster Antoine De Müller
187
Who invented the Muselet
Adolphe Jacquesson
188
What is a Muselet
The wire cage that holds the champagne cork firmly and stops it from being pushed out by the gas pressure in the bottle
189
What is Sucre - Oenomètre
Created in 1836
A device that allows winemakers to measure the amount of sugar in their wines quickly and simply
190
Who invented the Sucre - Oenomètre
Jean Baptiste François
191
What is Prisse de Mousse
Created in 1831
The quantity of sugar required for the secondary fermentation in the bottle
Also known as Reduction François
192
Rich, powerful, and blended champagnes are the characteristics of what region in champagne
Montagne de Reims
193
Fruity, easy drinking Pinot Meunier are the characteristics of what region in champagne
Vallee de la Marne
194
Elegant and zippy chardonnay are the characteristics of what region in champagne
Cote de Blanc
195
Soft and easy drinking pinot noir are the characteristics of what region in champagne
The Aube
196
What bodies of water are located to the northwest of the region of champagne
North Sea and the English Channel
197
How much sunlight does the region of champagne receive a year
1,650 hours of sunlight annually
198
What is the average temperature a year in champagne
52 degrees
199
How many acres of vines are in Champagne
84,000 acres
200
What is method perpetualle
a solera style system used in champagne where winemakers store in a single barrel a particular vineyard over the course of years to create the perfect cuvee
201
What three rivers are apart of the Montagne de Reims
Ardre , Velse, and Marne River
202
Massif de St Thierry
Vesle et Ardre
Grande Montagne de Reims
Monts de Berru
These are the sub regions for what region in champagne
Montagne de Reims
203
What sub region in Montagne de Reims is located northwest of the city of Reims and is known for its sandy soils
Massif de Saint Thierry
204
What is the name of the road in Montagne de Reims that goes from north to south that acts like a dividing line between Reims and Epernay
D951
205
What is the small area east of Reims that is isolated and is on a little known hill known chalk capped by sand, limestone, and clay
Monts de Beru
206
What are the characteristics of the Mountain wines made in Montagne de Reims
They are more rigidly structured
207
What are the characteristics of River wines made in the Montagne de Reims
More expansive breadth due to the soils and climatic conditions in location closer to the Marne River
208
What are some characteristics of wines from Bouzy
High ripeness, full bodied wines due to warmer terrior, south facing slopes,
209
What is the soil type of Bouzy
a hard bedrock of chalk with a variety of different top soils
210
Riceys -Haut, Riceys Haute - Rive, Riceys - Bas are three small villages that form what appellation in THE AUBE?
Rose des Riceys
211
What was the most planted grape in the Aube prior to World War II
Gamay
212
the sub regions of:
- Bar sur Aubois
- Bar Sequanais
- Montgueux
make up what area in Champagne
Cote de Bar (The Aube)
213
```
Cedrid Bouchard
Marie - Courtin
Dosnon
Fleury
Bertrand Gautherot {Vouette et Sorbee}
Oliver Horiot
Jacques Lassaigne
Serge Mathieu
Ruppert - Leroy
```
These are the leading growers from what region in champagne
The Cote des Bar (The Aube)
214
What event caused belemnite fossils to be found in the soils of champagne
Ancient Earthquakes
215
What does the belemnite chalk do for the vineyards
it moderates the soil temperature as it absorbs the heat throughout the day and gradually releases it at night
Good for Drainage of water
216
What is the main top soil in The Aube is
Kimmeridgian Clay with a surface layer of gravelly limestone
217
What are does kimmeridgian clay do for the vineyard
Drains the soil very well but not as good as effective as chalk
218
Minerality, Salinity and stone describes the taste of what type of wines from where in Champagne
The Aube
219
Chalkiness describes the taste of what type of wines from where in Champagne
Marne
220
What is the average annual temperature in Champagne
50 degees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius)
221
Epernay sets exactly at what parallel
49th Parallel
Side note - same latitude as Vancouver , BC and farther north than Paris, Vienna, Beijing, and pf Japan.
222
Weather in Champagne is similar to where in the United States
Pacific Northwest United States
223
What is the vine training style used for Chardonnay
Chabis
224
What is the vine training style used for Pinot Noir
Cordon de Royet
225
What is the vine training style used for Meunier
Vallee de la Marne
226
What advantage does adding wood chips to the soil do for the vineyards
- gives the soil more structure
- Minimizing erosion
- Also allows vineyard workers to drive trackers across the vineyards during wet weather
227
What region in champagne has:
- 29,500 planted acres
- 5221 growers
Grape production break down
Pinot Meunier 61%
Pinot Noir 23%
Chardonnay 16%
Vallée de la Marne
228
What region in champagne has:
- 20,500 planted acres
- 3,944 growers
Grape production breakdown
Pinot Noir 41%
Pinot Meunier 34%
Chardonnay 25%
Montage de Reims
229
```
Coteaux Sud d’Epernay
Grand Vallée de la Marne Condé
Vallée de la Marne Rive Gauche
Vallée de la Marne Rive Droite
Vallée de la Marne Ouest
```
Are all the sub regions of what area in Champagne
Vallée de la Marne
230
From east to west
```
Bisseuil
Mareuil - sur - Aÿ
Avenay - Val - d’Or
Mutigny
Aÿ
Dizy
Champillon
Hautvillers
Cumières
```
These are the premier cru villages of what region in Champagne
Vallée de la Marne
231
What sub region of Vallée de la Marne has:
- number of villages:9 ( all the premier crus)
- vineyard area: 4,517 acres (1,828 hectares)
- Grape varieties:
65% Pinot Noir
19% Chardonnay
19% Pinot Meunier
* known for: Expansive, full bodied champagnes, most notably from Pinot noir, although some excellent Chardonnay can be grown here, too.
The Grande Vallée
232
What house makes the famous Clos de Goisses
Philipponnat
233
What village is Clos de Gloisses located
Mareuil-sur-Aÿ
234
What year and who purchased Clos de Goisses
1935 by Pierre Philipponnat
235
What are some fun facts about Clos des Gloisses
* one of the first single vintage champagnes ever produced
* originally started as a chardonnay based wine but after 1964 has become a pinot noir dominate wine
* has been produced since 1935
* only has been omitted in 12 vintages from 1935 - 1988. After 1988 has been produced every year
236
When was the first vintage of Clos de Gloisses
1935
237
Mareuil - sur - Aÿ is located exactly in the Grand Vallée
Located along the northern bank of the Marne River east of Épernay
238
Grand Vallée is considered where exactly location wise
Everything east of Cumières
239
Which way do most of the vineyards face in Grand Vallée de la Marne
South facing slopes overlooking the plains
240
What is the dominant soil type in Grand Vallée de la Marne
Blend of clay and chalk soils
241
What famous house sources their pinot noir from the famous site of Clos Saint Hilaire
Billecart - Salmon
242
What are some characteristics of the style of Pinot Noir that comes from Clos Saint Hilaire
Powerful, Assertive, ripe fruit and broad richness due to its clay soils
243
Where is Clos Saint Hilaire located
Mareuil Sur Äy
244
What grape makes up 90% of the vines in Ay
Pinot Noir
245
What directions do the vineyards face in Ay
South
246
What is the main soil type soil found in Ay and it's characteristics
Cretaceous chalk and Sedimentary Slope wash
* subtle, complex , powerful and finesse
247
What is the most prominent champage house in Ay
Bollinger (James Bond favorite)
248
Where is the vineyards of Chaudes Terres and Clos Saint Jacques located
Ay
249
Chaudes Terres and Clos Saint Jacques grows what grapes and what makes them so unique
Pinot Noir
- They have parts that have not been effected by Phylloxera
250
What houses uses the ungrafted Pinit Noir for its Tete de Cuve
Bollinger - Vieilles Vignes Françaises
251
What is La Côte Faron
A steep south facing vineyard in Ay that produces Pinot Noir
252
What is Ay La Côte Faron
A single vineyard champagne produced by Anselme Selossse since 1994
- 100% Pinot Noir
- original name was " Contraste" until 2003
- made in the solera style
253
What is Vauzelle Terme
A famous vineyard located on the western edge of Ay
Planted in 1980
Chalky Soil
Organically Farmed
- also a famous single vineyard champagne "Ay Vauzelle Terme" produced by the Chiquet brothers ( Laurent and Jean Herve) of Jacquesson
254
What grapes makeup Vauzelle Terme
100% Pinot Noir
255
When was the first vintage of Vauzelle Terme produced
1996
256
What is the latest vintage of Vauzelle Terme
2008
257
Where is the La Leon site located
Across the road from Vauzelle Terme
258
Who uses Le Leon Pinot Noir for its famous Cuvee 1522
Philipponnat
259
Le Leon grapes are known to give what type of characteristics
Spicy and Peppery
260
What is the soil type of Dizy
Clay, Marl and addition some chalk
- soil is more similar to Vallee de la Marne than the Grand Vallee
261
What is the dominant grape of Dizy
40% Pinot Noir
37% Chardonnay
23% Meunier
262
What are the top two houses in Dizy
Gaston Chiquet and Jacquesson
263
What village is always the first village to ripen in Marne
Cumieres
264
Harvest in Marne typically begins where
Cumieres
265
What directions do the slopes face in Cumieres
South and Southeast
266
What village in Vallee de la Marne wines tend to be generous and forward, yet the chalky soils also give them a great deal of tension
Cumieres
267
What is the primary grape of Cumieries
Pinot Noir
268
Rene Geoffroy vineyards are primarly located in what village
Cumieres but their estate is located in Ay
269
Where is the famous producer Georges Laval located
Cumieries
270
What producer from Cumieres grows Pinot Noir on the vineyard named Les Longues Violes
Georges Laval
271
Les Chenes produces some of the best Chardonnay for what producsr?
Georges Laval
272
Les Chenes has what type of flavor profile
Very ripe, chalky, and always creates rich wines
273
What direction do the slopes of Les Chenes go
South and southwest
274
This area is known for:
- river wines wurg ample body abd broad, generous flavors. Meunier is the main grape, is a hardy grape variety tolerant of colder climate. It is also predominant due to the growing area's frost prone conditions and heavy clay topsoil, which deepens as you move west
The Vallee de la Marne
275
This area in Champagne has:
81 villages
21,958 acres of vines (8,886 hectares)
Grape Varieties: 72% Meunier, 16% Pinot Noir, 12% chardonnay
Vallee de la Marne
276
What are some differences between Grand Vallee and Vallee de la Marne
Soil types - Grand Vallee the vineyards along the Marne River east Cumieres are chalkier and more suitable for pinot noir as for Vallee de la Marne the soil becomes richer in clay, with chalk typically buried well below the topsoil.
Grape Varieties: Grand Vallee: Pinot Noir & Vallee de la Marne: Menuier
277
The Riv Gauche to the southside and the Riv Droite to the north side make up what bank system in what area in Champagne
Vallee de la Marne
278
This river in Vallee de la Marne has vineyards have south facing exposure with alot of sun and provides better ripening for the grapes
Rive Droite
279
This vineyard in the Vallee de la Marne vineyards have north facing slopes that typically retain more acidity and creates a more balanced wine
Rive Gauche
280
What is known to be the biggest problem with the vineyards in Vallee de la Marne and why
Botrytis due to the very cool weather and the slow draining of the clay rich soils, as well as the constant fog in the valley.
281
What famous producers grows grapes in Vallee de la Marne in vineyard of Les Crayères and what grapes grow there
Benoit Tarlant and he grows Pinot Noir and Chardonnay
282
What is the unusual soik type for Les Crayeres and why is it unusual
Chalk and cause typically in the Vallee de la Marne chalk is usually not a top soil it usually us buried under the rich clay soils
283
What is the prestige cuvee of Tarlant called
Cuvee Louis named after Benoit Tarlant great grandfather
- it is a blend of pinot noir and chardonnay
284
The village of Leurigny of the Vallee de la Marne is famous for supplying meunier to what famous Grand Marque
Krug
285
This village in Vallee de la Marne has the following:
- relatively chalky soils
- lies in the valley and gets grear exposure from the sun
- it's hills are oriented east - southeast
Festigny
286
Harvest typically begins in what month
Mid September
287
Why is the decision to harvest very important in Champagne
If you pick too early - you risk underripeness or unpleasantly green flavors
If you pick too late - you risk acidity falling to rapidly
If the weather is wet - you risk potentially getting rot on your grapes
288
A standard press in Champagne holds how many grapes on average and a fixed quantity is known as a ________?
8,000 pounds ( 4,000 kilograms)
Marc
289
The most common champagne press producer is ___________?
Coquard
290
The first 100 liters of juice produced in the press is called __________ and why is it discarded?
Autopressurage - due to the dust and impurities from the surface of the grapes
291
Each action of the press going down is known as
Serre
292
The first 3 serres are known as what?
Cuvee
Note:
(not the same term as the blend that makes champagne)
( refers to the first and finest portion of the pressing)
293
What is the total quantity of juice obtained from the cuvee (pressed)
2,050 liters
294
What is the 4th thru 6th serre known as
Taille
295
A taille has a total quantity of _________ juice obtained from the pressing
500 liters
296
Describe the style of juice that is created from the taille
the taille produces juice with a coarser press with more skin contact
297
What is the name of the pressing that isn't allowed to make wine but instead used to male potable or industrial alcohol
Rebeche
298
What two pressings are usually used to make champagne
Cuvee and Taille
299
What are some characteristics of the Cuvee (pressing)
Has finesse and is capable of greater longevity
300
What are some characteristics of the Taille (pressing)
Ripe
Clean
Known to have fruity aromas, that can soften a blend and allow it to show well at an early age
301
What is the typical type oak used for the barrels that store the Vin Clair
French Oak
302
What is malolactic fermentation
a bacterial reaction that converts malic acid (green apple like ) to a softer creamier lactic acid
Creates a creamy and buttery flavor
303
At what temperature is the vin clair stored after blending and why
25 degrees F (-4 degrees Celsius)
- must be held at that temperature for 24 hours or more to precipitate tartrate crystals, which prevents their formation in the bottles later
304
What is sugar to atmospheric ratio for liqueur de tirage
4 grams of sugar = 1 atmospheric of pressure
305
what is the standard atmospheric pressure amount for champagne
6
306
how many grams of sugar are typically added in liqueur de tirage
24 grams of sugar
307
Using the pruning method of Chablis in Champagne how many spur buds are allowed for Arbanne, Chardonnay, Meunier, and Petit Meslier
5
308
Using the pruning method of Chablis in Champagne how many spur buds are allowed for Meunier, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Grid and Pinot Noir
4
309
The Vallee de la Marne pruning method can only be applied to what grape
Meunier
310
What is the only approved grey grape in Champagne
Pinot Gris
311
What type of sugar is used in Liqueur d'Expédition
The sugar used is either beet sugar, cane sugar or rectified concentrated grape must (MCR)
312
What is the maximum alcohol volume allowed for champagne
13%
313
How many hectares of vines are present within the terroir of the Champagne AOC
33,500 hectares
314
Is the maloactic fermentation process compulsory in Champagne
No - Malolactic Fermentation converts malic acid into lactic acid and it can occur during or after alcoholic fermentation. The winemaker can choose whether to complete or arrest the process,depending on the type of characteristics that he or she wishes to add to the champagne
315
Does pressure in a champagne bottle increase or decrease with a change in temperature?
The pressure is greater than 20 degrees Celsius (68 degrees Fahrenheit) than 12 degrees Celsius (54 degrees Fahrenheit)
Note: The pressure inside a champagne bottle increases with a rise in temperature, which is why a warmer bottle of champagne will lose more wine in opening than a chilled bottle.
316
What color grapes can be used for Champagne AOC
White, Black, and Grey grapes
Note: 4 white grapes, 2 black grapes, 1 grey grape varieties are recognized for the Champagne Appellation
317
Who planted the first vineyards in the Champagne Region
The Romans of the 5th century.
Note: The Roman invaders planted the first vineyards in the north east of France at the beginning of the 5th century or earlier
318
Secondary Fermentation is obligatorily carried out in which size bottles?
All bottles sizes between and including the half bottle and the jereboam.
Note: Secondary Fermentation is obligatory in all bottle sizes between and including a piccolo (Half Bottle) and a 3L Jereboam. It is then possible to use the Champagne present in these bottles to fill the greater or smaller size formats
319
Can wood chippings be used in making Champagne?
No, the use of wood chippings is not permitted in Champagne.
Note: Using wood shavings or chippings to alter the characteristics of a wine is not allowed in Champagne
320
How many litres of wines does a traditional Champagne barrel contain?
205 litres
Note: The traditional Champagne barrel contains 205 litres, whereas a Bordeaux barrel contains 225 litres and a Burgundy barrel contains 228 litres
321
What is the maximum distance separating 2 rows of vines in a Champagne vineyard?
1.5 metres (4.9 feet)
Note: Planting and vines density are both regulated by the Champagne appellation and the maximum distance allowed between two rows of vines is 1.5 metres (4.9 feet)
322
Jetting is a technique that can be used in which Champagne process?
Disgorgement
Note: Jetting is a modern technique used during the disgorgement process to reduce the quantity of air present between the level of the Champagne in the bottle and the cork, by temporarily increasing the volume of the liquid to force the air out the bottle
323
Grapes are considered to be ripe for harvesting when the minimum natural alcoholic strength by volume has reached which level?
9% volume
Note: The Champagne AOC has established that grapes can be considered to be ripe when there are 143g of sugar per litre of grape must and the natural alcoholic strength by volume has reached 9%
324
How much pressure does a bottle of Champagne lose during the disgorging and corking process?
Approximately 1 atmosphere
Note: The prise de mousse will create approximately 6 atmospheres of pressure within the bottle. Around 1 atmosphere will be lost at disgorgement, so the final product will have a pressure of about 5 atmosphere
325
When the Echelle du Crus creates the grand cru system. How many original grand cru's were named
12
326
What year did the Echelle du Crus expand the number of Grand Crus in Champagne
1985
327
Name the region or regions that the villages were added to the Echelle du Cru Grand Cru system
Cotes de Blanc and Montage de Reims
328
Name the villages that were added to the Echelle du Crus Grand Cru system
Chouilly, Mesnil-sur-Oger, Oger, Oiry and Verzy
329
What percentage of vines have 100% Grand Cru status
9%
330
The Aisne department accounts for what percentage of Vines in Champagne
10%
331
The Marne department accounts for what percentage of Vines in Champagne
66%
332
The Seine-et-Marne department accounts for what percentage of Vines in Champagne
Less than 1%
333
The Aube department accounts for what percentage of Vines in Champagne
23%
334
The Haute - Marne department accounts for what percentage of Vines in Champagne
Less than 1%
335
Champagne vines are planted at what Altitude
90 to 300 metres ( 295 to 984 feet)
336
Champagne AOC wines may only be produced
| from the fruit of vines in their
third year of growth
| two years after planting
337
Wnat is the maximum spacing of individual vines in Champagne
0.9 - 1.5 metres (2.95 - 4.9 feet)
338
The total spacing between individual vines and rows in Champagne can't be more than
2.5 metres ( 8 feet)
339
How is the date of harvesting decided?
It depends on the ripeness of the grapes
340
Pinot Noir and Meunier has aromas of
Exotic Fruits (Mango), Citrus Fruits (Mandarin) White and yellowed fleshed fruits, Floral Notes (rose and violets), Red and black berries , and spices
341
Chardonnay has aromas of
Citrus fruits (lemon), Exotic Fruits (lychee), White Blossom
342
A champagne of 2/3 years of age will have what type of aromas
A wealth of fresh aromas from different families of vegetal, orange flowers, red berries, mineral notes, pear, citrus fruit, white blossom
343
A champagne of 6/8 years of age will have what type of aromas
Maturity brings rounder, more intense aromas: Ripe fruits, honey, pastries, candied fruit, dried fruits, cooked fruits, vanilla, and milk caramel
344
A champagne of 8 years or greater with age will have what type of aromas
The complexity of mature Champagne is expressed through dense aromas: gingerbread, toast, quince, walnuts. mocha, undergrowth
345
Champagne vine roots can penetrate to a depth of:
7 meters (22 feet)
346
Vineyards were first planted in Champagne in?
The 3rd Century, in the period of the Roman Empire
347
Which of the main grape varieties is the most precocious?
Chardonnay
348
What is the orgin of the name "Meunier"?
The white down underside of the leaves
349
If you look at the cross - section of a Champagne grape berry what color is the pulp?
White
350
Topping / Shoot trimming commences?
After trellising in summer
351
What is the duration of the flowering period in Champagne?
10 days
352
What is the planting density in Champagne
8000 vines per ha
353
Champagne wine is exclusively produced from the juice extracted from?
The Pulp
354
What are the 3 dimensions of blending a non vintage Champagne?
- Different grape varieties
- "Crus"
- Years
355
When the cellar master is working on the blend, he must anticipate what the most?
The wine's development, particularly after the "prise de mousse"
356
Why must Champagne bottles be stored away from the light?
To avoid the off flavors caused by lightstrike
357
How should you cellar your Champagne bottles after purchase
On their sides or upright
358
What is the ideal temperature for cellaring your Champagne bottles
Around 10 degree C ( 48 degee F)
359
Too much humidity in your wine cellar can?
Encourage the growth of mold on the corks and the labels
360
The onset of ripening, when the grapes change color
Veraison
361
The stage when the grapes ripen
Maturation
362
The stage following bloom when the berries begin to form
Fruit set
363
The stage when the vine makes grapes in bid to reproduce itself
Flowering
364
The stage when the buds swell and burst open, marking the beginning of new green growth
Budburst
365
The stage when the green shoots turn brown and lignify, building up reserves
Hardening off
366
What is the Champagne growers' worst fear
Spring Frost
367
In the 17th century, Champagne wine was known as?
Vin des Coteaux (wine of slopes)
368
Which grape variety is best adapted to heavy - textured subsoil derived from marl, clay, and sandstone
Meunier
369
What effect does the northern latitude of the Champagne region have on the wines produced there?
It produces low sugar, high acid wines
370
Why is the sloping, steep terrain in Champagne so conducive to grape growing?
It promotes sun exposure (and with it photosynthesis) and good drainage
371
What is the main effect on the grapes when the vines receive too much water?
The berries swell too much, sometimes resulting in unbalanced wines
372
French Appelaation d'Origine Controlee is a certification system that guarantees, in the case of Champagne
Origin and respect for all the rules applying to vinegrowing and winemaking
373
The VDC acronym stands for:
Viticulture Durable en Champagne (sustainable viticulture in Champagne)
374
By 2025, the Champagne AOC aims to reduce its carbon emissions by?
25%
375
Sustainable Viticulture in Champagne is?
A voluntary initiative
376
In 2010, the weight of a Champagne bottle was reduced by?
65g
377
How were the inhabitants of Champagne called at the time of the Gauls?
Remi
378
In the Middle Ages, winemaking was essentially the preserve of?
The religious orders
379
Champagne wines first became effervescent because?
Effervescence is a natural process, most notably when fermentation is halted in winter then resumes in Spring
380
When was sought to foster the effervescence in Champagne wines?
In the late 17th Century
381
Champagne rocketed to success because?
It was the preferred wine of the monarchy and the European nobility
382
When did Phylloxera spread to Champagne in?
1890
383
What is Phylloxera
An aphid
384
In what period did Champagne invest a pressing method for making white wine from black grapes
The second half of the 17th Century
385
World War I cost the Champagne region?
40% of its vineyard area
386
Who owns most of the Champagne vineyard area?
The growers
387
When was the first Champagne Cooperative established
1921
388
What is it that sets the Champagne wine region apart from others?
The organization of the Champagne industry itself, consisting of the Growers who produce the grapes on the one hand and on the other hand the Houses who make and market two thirds of the wine
389
What percentage of gobal vineyard acreage is currently represented by the Champagne production zone?
0.5%
390
What percent of the value of all sparkling wines consumed globally is represented by Champagne?
36%
391
Approximately how many countries buy Champagne from France?
More than 190
392
The Champagne winegrowing region currently generates an annual turnover of almost?
5 billion euros
393
Roughly how many bottles of Champagne are sold each year?
Around 300 million
394
The baptism of Clovis marked the point of departure for cornonation of the Kings of France in Reims. When did Clovis baptism take place?
496
395
Approximately how many kilos of grapes are required to produce one bottle of Champagne
1.2 kg
396
When were the "Champagne Slopes, Houses, and Cellars" added to the UNESCO World Heritage list?
4 July 2015
397
The Champagne industry today consists of?
16,000 Growers
340 Houses
140 Cooperatives
398
How many bottles of bubbly are said to lie slumbering in the Champagne cellars?
More than one billion bottles, or equivalent of three shipments
399
What are the 3 major exports countries? Rank them from Number 1-3
1. USA
2. United Kingdom
3. Japan
400
The Cote des Blancs region derives its name from:
The Chardonnay grape predominance
401
The yield from a single vine represents the equivalent of how many bottles of Champagne
1
402
What is the name of the wire cage with metal cap that holds Champagne corks in place
Muselet
403
What is the proper way to asses the color of a Champagne wine?
Tilt the glass over a white background
404
Champagne wine is best enjoyed in?
A glass with a bulbous body and narrow neck
405
What is the best way to cool a Chamapagne bottle?
Place the bottle in an ice bucket for 20 to 30 minutes
406
What is the origin of primary aromas such as white flowers or cherries in a Champagne wine?
The grape variety
the terrior
work in the vineyard
407
In wine tasting terms, what is meant by length
The flavors persistence on the palate
408
Acidity in Champagne wine is often a sign of
Freshness and "youthful" characteristics
409
The ideal temperature to serve Champagne is
8-10 degree C (45-50 degree F)
410
What senses come into play when tasting Champagne wines?
```
Hearing
Sight
Smell
Taste
Touch
```
411
What type of Champagne pairs well with Cavier
Preparation: Au Naturel
Blanc de Blancs Brut Vintage
412
What type of Champagne pairs well with oysters, lobsters, and sea urchins
Preparation: Au Naturel or in Aspic
Brut Nature mainly from Chardonnay, or Brut Blanc de Blancs
413
What type of Champagne pairs well crayfish, langoustines, scallops
Preparation: Au Naturel or Poached
Blanc de Blanc Brut Vintage
414
What type of Champagne pairs well with Starters, Fished Based Entrees
Preparation: Warm or Cold
Brut Blanc de Blanc
415
What type of Champagne pairs well with warm oysters
Preparation: In creme fraiche sauce
Brut Vintage
416
What type of Champagne pairs well with Fish
Preparation: Poached of Grilled
Brut Blanc de Blanc
417
What type of Champagne pairs well with Fish
Preparation: With Butter or Cream
Brut Non Vintage (traditional blending) or Brut Blanc de Noirs
418
What type of Champagne pairs well with Salmon
Preparation: Smoked, In Aspic, marinated or sushi
Brut Blanc de Blanc
419
What type of Champagne pairs well with Foie Gras
Preparation: Au Naturel or on Toast
Vintage, mainly from black grapes, or Brut Blanc de Blancs of older vintage or aged in oak
420
What type of Champagne pairs well with Poultry
Preparation: Roast or in a white sauce
Brut Blanc de Noirs or Brut mainly from black grapes
421
What type of Champagne pairs well with Red or White meat
Preparation: Grilled or with a sauce
Brut non vintage (traditional blending)
422
What type of Champagne pairs well with White meat
Preparation: Curried, Colombo-style or in a tagine
Rose Brut Vintage
423
What type of Champagne pairs well with Truffles
Blanc de Noirs or Brut of older vintage, mainly from black grapes
424
What type of Champagne pairs well with Game
Preparation: Stew, with Mushrooms or chestnuts
Vintage or Rose Blanc de Noirs, Brut of older vintage or aged in Oak
425
What type of Champagne pairs well with Creamy Cheese
Brut Blanc de Blancs
426
What type of Champagne pairs well with strong flavoured, blue - veined cheese
Blanc de Noirs or Brut Vintage mainly from black grapes
427
What type of Champagne pairs well with Goat's cheese, blue cheese, or strong flavoured cheese
Demi Sec Vintage Rose
428
What type of Champagne pairs well with desserts
Preparation: Based on Cream, Marzipan, Pistachios or fruits
Demi-Sec white or rose, or Champagne of older vintage
429
Who invented the Muselet and in what year
Adolphe Jacquesson in 1844
430
Who invented the first vintage style champagne and in what year
Veuve Clicquot in 1810
431
Who invented the first Rosè champagne
Ruinart
432
What does Oeil de Perdrix mean and how is it made?
It's a rose style wine from champagne. It means "eye of the partridge". It's style is made by allowing the skins from red grapes to come into contact with the juice producing a pale pink or very delicate amber color.
433
The aromas are detected and delveop?
Initially on the nose, then on the palate
434
```
Avenal -Val-d'Or
Bezannes
Billy-le-Grand
Chamery
Chigny-les-Roses
Cormontreuil
Coulommes-la-Montagne
Ecueil
Jouy-les-Reims
Les Mesneux
Ludes
Montbre
Mouzon-Leroux
Pargny-les-Reims
Rilly-la-Montagne
Sacy
Sermiers
Taissy
Tauxieres-Mutry
Trepail
Trois Puits
Vaudemanges
Ville-Dommange
Villiers-Allerand
Villiers-aux-Noeuds
Villiers-Marmery
Vrigny
```
These are premier cru's from what region
Montage de Reims
435
```
Emmanuel Brochet: Les Haut Chardonnay
Emmanuel Brochet: Les Hauts Meunier
Chartogne - Taillet : Les Barres
Egly - Ouriet: Les Vignes de Vringy
Marie - Noelle Ledru: Cuvee du Goulte
Jerome Prevost: Les Beguines
```
These are some Iconic Wines from what region?
Montage de Reims
436
```
Barnaut
Andre Beaufort
Bourdaire - Gallois
Marc Chauvet
Paul Clouet
Roger Coulet
Roger Coulon
Hure Freres
Hugues Godme
Benoit Lahaye
Jean Lallement
Benoit Marguet
Miniere F&R
Mouzon - Leroux
Thomas Perseval
Perseval - Farge
Guillaume Sergent
Pehu - Simonnet
SoutiranPloyez-Jacquemart
Pascal Redon
Eric Rodez
Camille Saves
```
These are famous growers from what region
Montagne de Reims
437
```
L. Aubry Fils
Henri Billiot
Francis Boulard
Emmanuel Brochet
Chartogne - Taillet
Andre Clouet
R.H Coutier
Paul Dethune
Egly -Ouriet
David Leclapat
Marie - Noelle Ledru
J Lassalle
Margaine
Jerome Prevost (La Closerie)
Savart
Vilmart & Cie
```
These are the leading growers for which region?
Montage de Reims
438
```
Avenay-Val-d'Or
Bisseuil
Champillon
Cumieres
Dizy
Hautvilliers
Mareuil-sur-Ay
Mutigny
Pierry
```
These are the Premier Crus' from what region
Vallee de la Marne
439
```
Bereche et Fils
Gaston Chiquet
Gatinois
Geoffory
Henri Goutorbe
Marc Herbert
Laherte Freres
Georges Laval
Christophe Mignon
Mousse Fils
R. Pouillon
Tarlant
```
These are the leading growers from what region
Vallee de la Marne
440
```
Francoise Bedel
Bourgeois - Diaz
Didier - Ducos
Bruno Gobillard
Grumier
Michel Loriot
Lamiable
Henri Mandois
Jose Michel
Charles Orban
Franck Pascal
Ruelle Pertois
Jean - Marc Seleque
```
These are growers from what region
Vallee de la Marne
441
```
Bereche et Fils: Reflet d'Antan
Billecart - Salmon - Le Clos Saint - Hilaire
Bolligner - Vielles Vignes Francaises
Georges Laval - Chenes
Georges Laval - Les Hautes - Cheveres
Jacquesson - Ay Vauzelle Terme
Krug - Clos d'Ambonnay
Philipponnat - Clos des Goisses
Tarlant - BAM!
```
These are Iconic wines of what region
Vallee de la Marne
442
```
Bergeres - les - Vertus
Val-des-Marais
Coligny
Cuis
Grauves
Vertus
Villeneuve-Renneville-Chevigny
Voipreux
Etrechy
```
These are the Premier Cru's of what region
Cote Des Blancs
443
```
Agrapart
Etienne Calsac
Claude Cazals
Guy Charlemagne
Pascal Doquet
Veuve Fourny
Pierre Gimonnet
Larmandier-Bernier
A.R Lenoble
Jean Milan
Pierre Moncuit
Pierre Peters
Jacques Selosse
Ulysse Collin
Varnier - Fanniere
J.L Vergnon
Waris-Hubert
```
These are leading growers from what region
Cote Des Blancs
444
```
Franch Bonvile
Le Brun Servenay
Corbon
Demiere - Ansiot
Diebolt-Vallois
Jose Dhondt
Dhondt - Grellet
Doyard
Pierre Callot
Vincent Couche
Gimonnet - Gonet
Grongnet
Eric Isselee
Legras & Haas
Alexandre Lenique
Lilbert Fils
Robert Moncuit
Perrot - Batteux
Michel Rocourt
Saint Chamant
Hubert Soreau
Suenen
Thierry Triolet
Vazart-Coquart
Vauversin
```
These are growers from what region
Cote Des Blanc
445
Agrapart et Fils: Cuvee Venus
Jacquesson: Avize Champ Cain
Larmandier - Bernier: Les Chemins d' Avise
Pierre Peters: Cuvee Especiale Les Chetillons
Salon: Cuvee S
Krug: Clos de Mesnil Jacques Selosse: Substance
Ulysse Collin: Les Enfers
These are iconic wines of what region
Cote Des Blancs
446
```
Vincent Couche
Colette Bonnet
Devaux
Charles Dufour
R. Dumont & Fils
Nathalie Falmet
Pierre Gerbais
Coessens Largillier
Moutard
Piollot Pere et Fils
Jean Velut
Val Frison
```
These are growers from what region
L’Aube (Cote de Bar)
447
Cedric Bouchard: Creux d'Enfer
Jacques Lassaigne: Millesime
Marie Courtin: Concordance
Vouette et Sorbee: Fidele
These are iconic wines from what region
The Aube (Cote de Bar)
448
Why is the year 1936 important to Champagne
June 29, 1936, champagne has enjoyed a Protected Designation of Origin label (or Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée, abbreviated as AOC).
Its production is limited to the 35,000 hectares that make up the region of Champagne — home to 635 municipalities spread across the départements of Marne, Aisne, Aube, Seine-et-Marne and Haute-Marne — and subject to a strict list of specifications.
Thanks to the 1936 decree, only sparkling wines produced in the Champagne region have the right to display the name “champagne” on their labels.
449
What producers uses Les Sables? Where is it located and what grape is grown there?
Benoit Tarlant
- Village of Oeuilly in Grand Vallee de la Marne
- 1 acre
- Ungrafted Chardonnay from the 1950's
450
What is the name of the single vintage champagne produced from Benoit Tarlant at Les Sables? What year was the first production
La Vigne d'Antan
First Vintage: 1999
451
What is the western most premier cru in Champagne
Cumieres
452
What village marks the most western point on the Vallee de la Marne
Saacy -sur-Marne
453
What is the soil type of the Les Sables vineyard?
Sand and calcareous marl
454
What grape is the village of Festingy and Leuvrigny known to produce
Meunier
455
The Flagot River in the Grand Vallee de la Marne flows by what two major villages
Festigny and Leuvigny
456
What are some famous producers from Festigny
Apollonis and Christophe Mignon (also has vines in Le Breuil)
457
Describe the wines of Festigny
Fruit Forward
458
Describe the wines of Le Breuil
Acidic, well structured not as ripe
459
Mareuil is divided into 3 hamlets, what are they?
- Port -a-Binson
- Cerseuil
- Mareuil-le-Port
460
What producer grows Meunier in the vineyard of Les Misy in Port-a-Binson
Bereche et Fils
461
When was the first vintage of the Bereche es Fils "Rive Gauche"
2007
462
Cuisles, Baslieux-sous-Chatillon, Cuchery, Belval-sous-Chatillon makes up a valley that centers around what body of water
Belval Stream
463
Cuisles, Baslieux-sous-Chatilon, Cuchery, Belval-sous-Chatillon are all villages that what producers grows vines
Mousse Fils
464
Besides Mousse Fils what other producer grows vines in Baslieux-sous-Chatillon
Franck Pascal
465
What is Trelou-sur-Marne known for
Being the first place in Marne where phylloxera was found
466
How long is Cotes des Blancs ?
12 miles long from north to south
467
What is the northern most Grand Cru in the Cotes des Blancs?
Oiry
468
What is the southern most Grand Cru in the Cotes des Blancs?
Les Mesnil Sur Oger
469
What is Butte de Saran
A forest covered hill in the Cotes Des Blancs where Chouilly and Oiry are located.
470
What is similar about Cramant, Avize, Oger, and Les Mensil sur Oger
All their vineyards are planted on an actual slope on a hill
471
What is the flavor profile for the Grand Cru villages of Oiry and Chouilly
Delicacy and perfumed aromatics
472
What is the flavor profile for the Grand Cru villages of Cramant, Avize, Oger, and Les Mesnil Sur Oger
Richness, structure and depth
473
Most vineyards in the Cote de Sezanne were planted when?
1960's
474
What is the grape breakdown for the Cote de Sezanne
Chardonnay - 64%
Pinot Meunier - 21%
Pinot Noit - 15%
475
What is the profile of the grapes from the Cote de Sezanne
Do to their southern location, the grapes are usually more riper , resulting in a fatter, more exotically flavored wine
476
What does couer de terrior mean
Heart of the Terroir
477
What is the flavor profile for wines made in Avize
Power, structure and roundness
Avize is yellow - orange, based on ripe citrus, grapefruit, apricot, and mandarin orange
Large - full bodied wine
478
What is the flavor profile for wines made in Cramant
Complexity, completeness, and for its contrast of body and liveliness
Mature with brown tones
Sweet spices, cinnamon, licorice and green tea. Its a autumnal wine
479
What is the flavor profile for wines made in Le Mesnil
Puissance and needs alot of time to mature
Also grey in color with austere, stony and much more limestone than chalk.
480
What is the flavor profile for wines made in Chouilly
Very minerally and citrusy, giving freshness. Its fruit is almost exotic, pineapple like
481
What is the flavor profile for wines made in Oger
Color of wine is white
Delicate aromas of red fruit and tangerine
482
What villages in Cotes Des Blancs have a higher clay content
Oiry, Chouilly, Cramant, and Avise
483
Between what two villages does the soil change from a higher clay content to more traditional chalk in the Cotes Des Blancs
Avize to the north and Oger to the south
484
What is the best house in Cuis for champagne production
Pierre Gimonnet
485
What is the flavor profile for wines that come from Cuis
Acidity, fruit and structured focused.
Very valuable in a blend
486
What direction do the vineyards in Cuis face?
North or Northeast
Vineyards in the Cotes Des Blancs traditionally face east
487
Where is Montaigu and Les Aventures and where are they located
the two main lieu - dits in Chouilly
488
What two villages were the first Grand Crus of the Cotes Des Blancs
Cramant and Avize
489
In the 19th century the Cotes Des Blancs was known as
Cote d'Avize
490
What is the area size of Avize
662 acres or 268 Hectares
491
What is the area size of Cramant
892 acres or 361 Hectares
492
What is the slope position for most of the vineyards inAvize
Midslope
493
```
Billacart - Salmon
Louis Roederer
Taittinger
Dom Perignon
Charles Heidsieck's Blanc de Millenaires
Veuve Clicquet La Grande Dame
```
These wines or houses use a portion of their blanc de blanc blends from what Grand cru in the Cotes Des Blancs
Avize
494
What is the soil type of Avize
Clay and chalk (differs from each vineyard)
