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Wine Studies > France- Sauternes > Flashcards

France- Sauternes Flashcards

1
Q

Describe how botrytis affects grapes

A

Botrytis spore consume the flesh and the berries desiccate as they lose water content.
As a result, sugar content increases as well as glycerol and dextrin.

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2
Q

Noble rot in French

A

Pourriture Noble

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3
Q

How does harvesting to remove diseased fruit called in Sauternes

A

Trie de Nettoyage

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4
Q

Most common pruning methods in Sauternes

A

Simple Guyot- often for Sauvignon Blanc

a’ Cote- often used for Muscadelle and Semillon

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5
Q

When did a major frost occur in Sauternes forcing producers to replant

A

1956

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6
Q

Soils of Barsac

A

Redish sand and clay over limestone. More alluvial deposits near the Garonne

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7
Q

Soils of Sauternes

A

Gravel, clay and sand

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8
Q

Poor vintages of the 90s in Sauternes

A

91’ 92’ 93’ 94’

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9
Q

What vintages were the total “wash outs’ in the 90s in Sauternes

A

91’ 92’

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10
Q

Dry wine from Sauternes can be released as

A

Bordeaux Blanc AOP

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11
Q

Name a Chateau in Sauternes known to pick early

A

Guiraud

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12
Q

Rot provoked by birds, hail etc is called

A

Pourriture Aigne

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13
Q

Date of harvest set by the French government is called

A

Ban de vendage

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14
Q

Grapes affected by botrytis and are ready to pick called

A

Roti

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15
Q

Premier Crus of Bommes

A 
Sigalas- Rabaud
Rabaud- Promis
Clos Haut Peyregauy
Lafariue Peyregauy
Rayne Vigneau
La Tour Blanche
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16
Q

Release price in French

A

Prix de sortie

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17
Q

Winemaker in French

A

Maitre de Chai

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18
Q

Vineyard manager/ viticulturist in French

A

Chef de Culture

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19
Q

What is the minimum alcohol in Sauternes

A

15% (12% acquired)

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20
Q

What are the maximum yields in Sauternes

A

25 hl/ha

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21
Q

What is the minimum RS in Sauternes

A

45 g/l

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22
Q

Minimum must weight in Sauternes

A

221 g/l

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23
Q

Aging requirements in Sauternes

A

May not be released before June 30 of the year following harvest

24
Q

Permitted varieties in Sauternes

A

Semillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Muscadelle
Sauvignon Gris

25
Q

What second growth Chateau has been absorbed by Rabaud- Promis

A

Chateau Rexoto

26
Q

Incomplete botrytis in Sauternes is called

A

Pourri Plein

27
Q

Recent warm, high alcohol vintages in Sauternes

A

90’ 03’

28
Q

Good vintages in Sauternes in the 2000s

A

01’, 07’, 09’

29
Q

Good vintages in Sauternes in the 90s

A

97’, 99’

30
Q

Lean vintages in Sauternes

A

87’, 02’

31
Q

Premier Crus of Barsac

A

Climens

Coutet

32
Q

Premier Crus of Preignac

A

Suduiraut

33
Q

Premier Crus of the commune of Sauternes

A

Guiraud

34
Q

Premier Crus of Fargues

A

Rieussec

35
Q

What is the sugar level and alcohol of a typical Sauternes

A

80- 100 g/l RS
13.5%- 14% ABV
(Since the late 90s RS has been increased to 120- 160 g/l RS due to warmer climate)

36
Q

Harvesting without botrytis called

A

Passerillage

37
Q

Botrytis belongs to what family of fungus

A

Ascomycetes

38
Q

When was Sauternes AOP established

A

1936

39
Q

Why has Muscadelle fallen out of favor in Sauternes

A

Ripens late, susceptible to black and noble rot. Appealing in youth, but it doesn’t age well

40
Q

Why is Semillon the most favorable in Sauternes

A

Big bunches producing high yields, thin skins allow botrytis to penetrate easily. Vines as well as wines age well.

41
Q

Most planted grape in Sauternes

A

Semillon

42
Q

Describe the style difference between Sauternes and Barsac

A

Barsac offers lighter, more citric character with overt freshness.
Sauternes is richer and heavier

43
Q

What is the plateau in Barsac considered more favorable called

A

Haut Barsac

44
Q

What producer did not release “Grand Vin” in 91’-93’

A

Suduiraut

45
Q

What rivers border Sauternes

A

Garonne in the north

Ciron in the west

46
Q

Villages of Sauternes

A 
Barsac
Preignac
Bommes
Sauternes
Fargues
47
Q

Largest producing village in Sauternes

A

Barsac 850 ha planted

48
Q

What village can use either its name or Sauternes on the label

A

Barsac

49
Q

What other appellation in the west of Sauternes produces botrytised wines

A

Cerons

50
Q

What appellations bordering Sauternes produce similar wines

A
  • Cerons in the west
  • Cadillac across the Garonne
  • Loupiac within Cadillac cotes de Bordeaux
  • St-Croix-du-Mont south of Loupiac, within Cadillac cotes de Bordeaux
51
Q

Deuxièmes Crus of Barsac

A 
Broustet
Caillou
Doisy- Daene
Doisy- Dubroca
Doisy- Vedrines
de Myrat
Nairac
Suau
52
Q

Deuxièmes Crus of Preignac

A

de Malle

53
Q

Deuxièmes Crus of Sauternes

A

d’Arche
Filhot
Lamothe
Lamothe- Guignard

54
Q

Deuxièmes of Fargues

A

Romer

Romer du Hayot

55
Q

Deuxièmes Crus of Bommes

A

none

56
Q

Who makes l’Extravagance

A

Doisy- Daëne

57
Q

Which of the Doisys properties is the smallest

A

Doisy-Dubroca

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