Free-living Pathogenic Amebae

Question 1

Motility: Sluglike, blunt pseudopods

[nf]

Answer 1

Naegleria fowleri (trophozoite)

Question 2

Size range: 8-22 um

[nf]

Answer 2

Naegleria fowleri (trophozoite)

Question 3

Size range: 7-15 um

[nf]

Answer 3

Naegleria fowleri (flagellated forms)

Question 4

Motility: 2 flagella; spinning or jerky

[nf]

Answer 4

Naegleria fowleri (flagellated forms)

Question 5

Size range: 5-22 um

[nf]

Answer 5

Naegleria fowleri (cyst)

Question 6

Shape: ovoid, ellipsoid, triangular

[nf]

Answer 6

Naegleria fowleri (cyst)

Question 7

Karyosome: large, eccentric achromatic granules on one side may be present.

[nf]

Answer 7

Naegleria fowleri: cyst

Question 8

Cytoplasmic inclusions: well-defined glycogen mass. Granules may be present.

[nf]

Answer 8

Naegleria fowleri (cyst)

Question 9

Culture of Naegleria fowleri

Answer 9

Balamuth medium

Question 10

First noted as a contaminant in tissue cultures and subsequently was found to produce lethal meningoencephalitis on nasal instillation into mice and other animals.

Answer 10

Acanthamoeba

Question 11

Size range: 12-45 um

[acanthamoeba]

Answer 11

Acanthamoeba (trophozoite)

Question 12

Motility: Sluggish, spinelike pseudopods

[acanthamoeba]

Answer 12

Acanthamoeba (trophozoite)

Question 13

Cytoplasm: Granular and vacuolated

[acanthamoeba]

Answer 13

Acanthamoeba (trophozoite)

Question 14

Size range: 8-25 um

[acanthamoeba]

Answer 14

Acanthamoeba (cyst)

Question 15

Shape: roundish with ragged edges

[acanthamoeba]

Answer 15

Acanthamoeba (cyst)

Question 16

Cytoplasm: DISORGANIZED, granular sometimes vacuolated

[acanthamoeba]

Answer 16

Acanthamoeba (cyst)

Question 17

Cytoplasmic inclusions: DOUBLE CELL WALL‼️, smooth inner cell wall and outer jagged cell wall.

[acanthamoeba]

Answer 17

Acanthamoeba (cyst)

Question 18

Culture for ACANTHAMOEBA

Answer 18

Proteose-peptone, yeast extract, glucose and cysteine (PYGC) containing antibiotics

Question 19

Reported from many countries worldwide both CNS and eye infection.

Answer 19

Acanthamoeba

Question 20

Isolated from air, aquaria, bottled mineral water, soil swimming pools, deep well water, CONTACT LENS SOLUTIONS.

Answer 20

Acanthamoeba

Question 21

First documented by Stamm.

[acanthamoeba clinicals symptoms]

Answer 21

Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis (GAE)

Question 22

GAE: Incubation period

Answer 22

10 days

Question 23

Infection is thought to spread hematogenously from primary foci in skin, the pharynx, or the respiratory tract.

[acanthamoeba clinicals symptoms]

Answer 23

Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis (GAE)

Question 24

This disease is characterized by development of a paracentral ring infiltrate of the corneal stroma, which progresses to ulceration and possible perforation, with lost of the eye.

[acanthamoeba clinicals symptoms]

Answer 24

Acanthamoeba Keratitis

Question 25

It is required in cases of extensive and refractory disease.

Answer 25

Keratoplasty

Question 26

Size range: 28 - 152 um in length 22 - 123 um wide [balantidium coli]

Answer 26

Balantidium coli (trophozoite)

Question 27

Motility: Rotary, boring (🥱) [balantidium coli]

Answer 27

Balantidium coli (trophozoite)

Question 28

No of nuclei: TWO Kidney shaped (macronucleus) Small spherical (micronucleus) [balantidium coli]

Answer 28

Balantidium coli (trophozoite)

Question 29

Size range: 43-66 um [balantidium coli]

Answer 29

Balantidium coli (cyst)

Question 30

Other features: One or two visible contractile vacuoles in young cyst. DOUBLE CYST WALL ‼️ Row of CILIA VISIBLE IN BETWEEN CYST WALL layers of young cyst. [balantidium coli]

Answer 30

Balantidium coli (trophozoite)

Question 31

Infective stage: [balantidium coli]

Answer 31

CYST, viable for severable weeks

Question 32

Incubation period: [balantidium coli]

Answer 32

4-5 days

Question 33

[2] Disease of Balantidium coli.

Answer 33

1. Balantidiasis 2. Balantidial dysentery

Question 34

It invades the intestinal epithelial through release of the enzyme hyaluronidase and creates a characteristic ulcer with a ROUNDED BASE AND WIDE NECK.

Answer 34

Balantidium coli

Question 35

[5] Morphological forms [VAG, MC]

Answer 35

1. Vacuolated forms 2. Ameba-like forms 3. Granular forms 4. Multiple fission forms 5. Cystic form