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History of Interiors > French Baroque > Flashcards

French Baroque Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

French Baroque

A

1660’s - 1720’s

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2
Q

Louis XIV

A

like their god
control freak
Absolutism and Hierarchy

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3
Q

concetto

A

connect Louis’ reign to heaven

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4
Q

Society had been subjected to…

A

centralized government that had sought to control their thoughts

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5
Q

Regularitie

A

Louis XIV wanted to see a certain amount of regularity in design
Gridded and controlled interiors

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6
Q

Enfilade

A

series of rooms had axial doors. This provided a corridor like passage way through rooms, though a sequence of antechambers

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7
Q

Why were Enfilades not considered corridors

A

corridors not an idea yet
deeper in a room the more private it gets

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8
Q

Coved ceilings

A

a concave surface forming on the ceiling

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9
Q

marquetry

A

floral and vine wood inlay

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10
Q

parquetry

A

geometric wood inlay / parquet floors

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11
Q

Boiserie

A

carved gilded wood paneling

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12
Q

Boulle work

A

technique invented by Charles Boulle

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13
Q

Boulle work design

A

involved cutting the two sheets of materials simultaneously
enough material for two pieces of furniture
One with tortoise as the background and the other with brass as a background
contrasting colors overlay on top of each other

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14
Q

Charles Boulle

A

1642 - 1732

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15
Q

Charles Boulle importance

A

first time that furniture makers and interior designers were known by name

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16
Q

mercantilism

A

economic model that was in use in Europe in 17th century
everything was produced under government control / king is center of everything / no importation

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17
Q

Salon

A

Space used for balls

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18
Q

baroque is the high point of…

A

Bedrooms

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19
Q

Why was the bed so important to French Baroque

A

alter piece / ceremonial space
absolute monarchy at this time
monarchs held their power through lineage and stability of their dynasty / male child was needed

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20
Q

Charles LeBrun

A

artist, decorator, interior designer

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21
Q

Charles LeBrun

A

1619 - 1690

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22
Q

Who did Louis XIV make the head of the Beaux Arts Academy

A

Charles LeBrun

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23
Q

Beaux Arts Academy

A

Founded in the 17th century

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24
Q

Beaux Arts Academy purpose

A

educated talented students in various areas including painting, sculpture, and architecture

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25
Who was the interior designer for Chateaux of Vaux-Le-Vicomte
Charles LeBrun
26
French Chateau began to develop…
Gender oriented spaces
27
Chateaux of Vaux-Le-Vicomte floor plan
symmetrical floor plan (one wing for the husband one wing for the wife)
28
French baroque attention to privacy
rooms became ever more socially exclusive towards the end of the wing. If you were important and close enough you may be able to move to antechamber from the salon
29
French Baroque represented what through spaces
Social hierarchy
30
social filters
17th century spaces are significant in terms of social screening
31
Chateau of Vaux-Le-Vicomte architect
Louis Le Van
32
Chateau of Vaux-Le-Vicomte landscape architect
Andre Le Notre
33
Chateau of Vaux-Le-Vicomte had what change in design process
Collaboration between designers
34
Chateau of Vaux-Le-Vicomte built for
For M. Fouquet
35
Chateau of Vaux-Le-Vicomte plan
May have to draw for mid-term cabinet was the most exclusive room scale becomes smaller and more intimate from salon to cabinet
36
Chateau of Vaux-Le-Vicomte rooms
Antechamber grand salon salon de muses salon de Hercules Bedroom of Nicolas Fouquet
37
Bedroom of Nicolas Fouquet
the minister of finance to King Louis XIV the transformation of an older castle was begun by architect Louis Le Vau in 1641
38
PALACE OF VERSAILLES
1661 - 1715
39
PALACE OF VERSAILLES designers
Louis Le Van - architect Charles LeBrun - Interior Designer Andre Le Notre - landscape architect
40
Louis XIV’s building campaign
sent spies to Venice to learn glass making wanted to produce everything in France (mercantilism) highly regulated design
41
PALACE OF VERSAILLES flooring
Le Brun used parquetry on floor
42
Why were mirrors used in the PALACE OF VERSAILLES
spatial constraints - first time in history
43
Palace of Versailles rooms were…
Themed based on gender
44
Hall of mirrors
wanted a long corridor with large windows on either side, but one side was an inner wall so Le Brun used large panels of float glass
45
Queen’s Chamber
women seen as softer and delicate color choices reflect this
46
Salon of War
Hard surfaces and more straight lines bodily strength important
47
Salon of Peace
Same materials, but more delicate in use
48
Louis XIV’s Bedchamber
Le Brun used a triumphal arch in King’s bedroom (Emphasis on the bed & bedroom)
49
The Hercules Drawing Room
Château de Versailles, Paris, France
50
Room of the Bull’s eye window
Louis XIV was getting older. Rooms become smaller and more intimate towards the end of his reign.
51
Why were rooms becoming smaller towards the end of Louis XIV reign
Rooms closer to human scale to make easier for older king to navigate
52
Room of the Bull’s Eye Window decoration
A lighter decoration is used in this space. Substitution of expensive materials with more modest materials-No marble veneers for example. (France was having financial problems)
53
What does the Room of the Bull’s Eye Window show us
King is losing control over architecture
54
Baroque furniture
Stiff and formal furniture arrangements. Furniture was designed to be lined up against the wall.
55
HIERARCHY OF SEATING FURNITURE
Fauteuil, Chaise, Tabouret, Tabouret de grace, Tabouret d’un seul fois
56
Fauteuil
High-backed upholstered armchair
57
Chaise
High-backed upholstered armless chair
58
Tabouret
Upholstered stool
59
Tabouret de grace
Inherited by loyalty to the King King given right to sit in a certain seat Can be passed down
60
Tabouret d’un seul fois
King given right to sit in a stool for a single time
61
Commode
Chest of drawers which was introduced during Louis XIV period
62
Armoire
Cupboard
63
Torchiere
Floor lamp
64
Tortoiseshell inlay
Turtle shells used inlaid on furniture
65
Ormoulu
Gilded bronze ornaments on furniture
66
André-Charles Boulle
1642 - 1732
67
Who was André-Charles Boulle
Master cabinetmaker to Louis XIV The first cabinetmaker to have work named after himself
68
André-Charles Boulle innovations
His innovation was the use of materials. One of the first cabinetmakers to use gilt-bronze mounts Mounts were functional (protected the corners and also added sculptural beauty to the piece Contrasting colors: Brass and tortoiseshell are signature materials
69
Gilds
Groups that made rules for production of products Controlled quality From medieval times
70
French Baroque Cabinet features
Ionic columns Lion paw feet (Shows power) Asian elements / ornaments (Inspiration from other cultures) S and c curves on decorative elements General form is straight
71
French Baroque summary
King Louis is god like and in control more straight lines than s and c curves gendered spaces concepts, colors, materials grid like and strict Specific designers for separate parts remembered by name architect, interior designer, landscape architect, furniture maker, etc.

History of Interiors (16 decks)

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