🏛️ French Revolution & European Terms Flashcards
( terms/definitions/concepts) (22 cards)
what is democracy
a system of govt. in which the power rests with the people
What is Bastille
a prison that was stormed on July 14, 1789, marking the start of the French Revolution.
what is a republic
a form of govt with no monarch
(no king or queen) which the leaders are elected by the people
what is versailles
A royal palace in France where the king lived and many Revolution events happened, including the Women’s March in 1789.
what is absolute monarchy
a form of govt. in whcih the king and/or queen have full power with no restraints
what is the guillotine
a machine used to execute people by beheading in the late 1700’s
what is the petition of right
1628) – A document that limited the English king’s power and protected people’s rights.
what is a revolution
A sudden, big change in government or society, often involving protest or violence.
what is labour supply
The number of people available to work in an economy.
what is the estates general
(it was last called in 1789) – A meeting of the three French social classes to discuss national problems.
what are raw materials
Natural resources like wood, cotton, or metal used to make products.
what are the 3 estates
The three social classes in France: clergy (First), nobles (Second), and commoners and peasants (Third).
what is the laissez faire
An idea that the government should not interfere with business or the economy.
what is the national assembly
A group formed by the Third Estate in France to create a new government during the Revolution.
what are the Commons
Land or resources that are shared by a community or the general people.
what is the tennis court oath
A pledge by French revolutionaries on a tennis court to keep working on a constitution until one was made.
what is Enclosure
(1700s–1800s in Britain) – When common land was fenced for private farms, forcing poor farmers to leave and work in cities.
what is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
(Aug26,1789) – A French paper stating all men are born free and equal with rights to liberty, property, and security.
Factory Acts
(UK, 1802–1878) – Laws passed in the UK to improve safety and reduce child labor in factories.
Women’s March on Versailles
(Oct5–6,1789) – When thousands of Paris women, angry about food shortages, marched to Versailles and demanded action.
Jacobins
– A radical political group in the 1790s that led the more violent phase of the French Revolution.
Reign of Terror
(Sept1793–July1794) – A period when revolutionary leaders executed thousands of people they saw as enemies of the Revolution.
