freud Flashcards
(14 cards)
Who pioneered humane treatment for patients with psychological disorders?
Phillipe Pinel.
What is the “talking cure” and who developed it?
A method of relieving symptoms by talking about painful memories; developed by Breuer.
What did Freud conclude about mental illness origins?
They often stem from early life traumas and unconscious conflicts.
What are the two basic drives in Freud’s theory?
Eros (life/sex) and Thanatos (death/aggression).
What are the three parts of Freud’s personality structure?
Id (instincts), Ego (reality), Superego (morality).
What are defense mechanisms?
Unconscious strategies the ego uses to reduce anxiety and conflict.
What are the stages in Freud’s psychosexual development theory?
Oral (0–18 mo): Mouth – Fixation = smoking, biting nails
Anal (18 mo–3 yr): Anus – Fixation = OCD or messiness
Phallic (3–6 yr): Genitals – Oedipus/Electra complex
Latency (6–puberty): Dormant sexual feelings
Genital (puberty+): Mature sexual interests
What is the Oedipus Complex?
A boy’s unconscious desire for his mother and rivalry with his father.
What is the Electra Complex?
A girl’s desire for her father and resentment toward her mother; involves “penis envy.”
What are key techniques in psychoanalysis?
Talking cure
Free association
Hypnotherapy
What did Carl Jung believe about Freud’s theory?
It was too negative; Jung introduced archetypes and the collective unconscious.
What is Karen Horney’s main critique of Freud?
She emphasized social rather than sexual development; rejected “penis envy.”
What concept did Alfred Adler introduce?
The inferiority complex – striving to overcome feelings of inadequacy.
What’s Anna Freud’s view on the superego?
It emerges when the ego is confronted with guilt and shame.
