replication Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is a paradigm shift in psychology?
A major change in the dominant scientific view of the mind.
What is reproducibility?
The ability to obtain consistent results when studies are repeated.
Why is reproducibility important?
It distinguishes science from pseudo-science.
What happened in the Diederik Stapel case (2010)?
Stapel committed data fraud in over 50 published studies.
What suspicious behaviour was noticed in Stapel’s work?
He supplied data to students, and stats across studies were suspiciously similar.
What is publication bias?
Journals prefer positive findings, discouraging null results.
What is HARKing?
Hypothesizing After Results are Known — changing your hypothesis after seeing results.
Example of HARKing:
Original: “Messy rooms = smarter” → Results show opposite → Published as “Tidy rooms = smarter”
What causes fraud and the replication crisis?
Publication bias
HARKing
Pressure to publish
Lack of transparency
Confirmation bias
: What is confirmation bias?
Tendency to seek info that supports your beliefs and ignore opposing evidence.
What is the replication crisis?
Many psychological studies fail to reproduce consistent results.
Key solutions to the replication crisis?
Replicate studies
Avoid p-hacking
Use open data/materials
Pre-register studies
Teach open science
Reward good practices
What is pre-registration?
Documenting your hypothesis and analysis plan before collecting data.
What should be in a pre-registration?
Hypothesis (specific, measurable, directional)
Analysis plan (IV, DV, tests, exclusion criteria)
: Is it okay to run analyses not pre-registered?
Yes, if labeled exploratory and followed by confirmatory studies.
