Fruits

Question 1

Function of fruits

Answer 1

Protection of seed and seed dispersal

Question 2

The outermost layer of the fruit, often referred to as the “skin” or “peel”

Answer 2

Exocarp

Question 3

Function of an exocarp

Answer 3

Protects the inner tissues from physical damage, dehydration, and pathogens

Question 4

The stalk or stem that attaches the fruit to the plant

Answer 4

Pedicel

Question 5

Function of a Pedicel

Answer 5

Supplies nutrients and water during fruit’s growth and development, eventually breaking off when the fruit is ripe

Question 6

What is a calyx?

Answer 6

Part of a stem composed of modified leaves called sepals

Question 7

What are the layers of pericarp?

Answer 7

Endocarp, Mesocarp, and Exocarp

Question 8

What is a pericarp?

Answer 8

The thickened wall of the ovary that develops into the fruit

Question 9

What is an endocarp?

Answer 9

The inner wall of a mature fruit/inner stony wall

Question 10

What is mesocarp?

Answer 10

The fleshy tissue of a fruit between the endocarp and the exocarp and the edible part

Question 11

What is exocarp/epicarp

Answer 11

The outer skin/wall of a mature fruit

Question 12

Seed

Answer 12

the reproductive units of the fruit

Question 13

What is the embryo and the endosperm?

Answer 13

Baby plant and reserved food

Question 14

Part of a seed?

Answer 14

Embryo, endosperm, and seed coat

Question 15

Locules meaning in latin

Answer 15

little place

Question 16

What are locules?

Answer 16

chambers within the ovary where the seeds are housed

Question 17

Types of locules

Answer 17

Unilocular, bilocular, trilocular, multilocular

Question 18

What is the placenta?

Answer 18

The tissue inside the fruit that attaches the seeds to the ovary wall, supplying nutrients to the developing seeds

Question 19

What are the types of fruits?

Answer 19

Simple fruits/Dry simple fruits, Aggregate fruits, Multiple fruits, Accessory fruits

Question 20

What are simple fruits?

Answer 20

Fruits that develop from a single ovary of a single flower and can be further classified based on whether they are dry or fleshy when mature

Question 21

What are fleshy simple fruits?

Answer 21

These fruits have a soft and fleshy pericarp at maturity

Question 22

Berry

Answer 22

the entire pericarp is fleshy, and it usually contains multiple seeds

Question 23

Drupe

Answer 23

has a fleshy outer layer with a hard, stony inner layer that surrounds a single seed

Question 24

Dry simple fruit

Answer 24

Fruits have a dry pericarp at maturity and can either split open to release seeds or remain close

Question 25

Dehiscent fruit

Answer 25

the pericarp splits open to release the seed

Question 26

Indehiscent fruit

Answer 26

The pericarp remains intact when the fruit is shed from the plant

Question 27

Capsule

Answer 27

splits open in various way to release seeds

Question 28

Legume

Answer 28

Develops from a single carpel and splits open along two seams

Question 29

Nut

Answer 29

a hard, indehiscent fruit with a single seed

Question 30

Achene

Answer 30

A small, one-seeded, indehiscent fruit where the seed is attached to the pericarp at only one point

Question 31

Aggregate fruits

Answer 31

Fruits that develop from a single flower with multiple ovaries

Question 32

Multiple fruits

Answer 32

Fruits that form from a cluster of a flowers, with each flower’s ovary developing into a small fruit that fuses with others to form a larger fruit

Question 33

Accessory fruits

Answer 33

Fruits that contains tissue from plant parts other than ovary, such as the receptacle or floral tube

Question 34

What is a fruit?

Answer 34

a mature, ripened ovary that often provides protection and dispersal for enclosed seeds

Question 35

Pepo

Answer 35

fruit wall is leathery rind

Question 36

Hesperidium

Answer 36

leathery fruit wall with numerous oil glands surrounding the succulent cavities where seed occurs

Question 37

Follicle

Answer 37

splits open along one suture to release its seed

Question 38

Capsules

Answer 38

simple dry fruit that has multiple suture/pores

Question 39

Pome

Answer 39

outer part is an enlarged floral tube, consisting of receptacle tissue, along with portions of the calyx that surrounds the ovary

Question 40

What causes an ovary to develop into a fruit?

Answer 40

The ovary develops into a fruit after fertilization, when the sperm cell from the pollen unites with the egg cell, hormones like auxins released that triggers the growth and transformation of the ovary into a fruit